\n| 4<\/td>\n | \u201cB\u00e9 nh\u1ecf\u201d<\/td>\n | \u201cJ.R.R. Tolkien\u201d<\/td>\n | \u201cTh\u1ea7n tho\u1ea1i\u201d<\/td>\n | 1937<\/td>\n | 978-0547928227<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n Ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 s\u1ef1 tr\u00f9ng l\u1eb7p trong b\u1ea3ng n\u00e0y. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, th\u00f4ng tin t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 v\u00e0 th\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i cho m\u1ed7i cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch. H\u00e3y b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a.<\/p>\n B\u01b0\u1edbc 1: D\u1ea1ng chu\u1ea9n th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t (1NF)<\/strong><\/p>\nTrong d\u1ea1ng chu\u1ea9n th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t, ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng m\u1ed7i c\u1ed9t trong m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3ng ch\u1ec9 ch\u1ee9a c\u00e1c gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb nguy\u00ean t\u1eed (kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 chia nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n). \u0110\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y, ch\u00fang ta t\u1ea1o c\u00e1c b\u1ea3ng ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t cho d\u1eef li\u1ec7u li\u00ean quan.<\/p>\n \n- T\u1ea1o m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3ng cho c\u00e1c t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3:<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
B\u1ea3ng T\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 (1NF):<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n| M\u00e3 t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3<\/th>\n | T\u00e1c gi\u1ea3<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n | \n\n| 1<\/td>\n | \u201cF. Scott Fitzgerald\u201d<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | \n| 2<\/td>\n | \u201cHarper Lee\u201d<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | \n| 3<\/td>\n | \u201cJ.D. Salinger\u201d<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | \n| 4<\/td>\n | \u201cJ.R.R. Tolkien\u201d<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n\n- T\u1ea1o m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3ng cho Th\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i:<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
B\u1ea3ng Th\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i (1NF):<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n| GenreID<\/th>\n | Th\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n | \n\n| 1<\/td>\n | \u201cTruy\u1ec7n h\u01b0 c\u1ea5u\u201d<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | \n| 2<\/td>\n | \u201cKhoa h\u1ecdc vi\u1ec5n t\u01b0\u1edfng\u201d<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n\n- S\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i b\u1ea3ng S\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ec3 tham chi\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c b\u1ea3ng T\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 v\u00e0 Th\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i:<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
B\u1ea3ng S\u00e1ch (1NF):<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n| BookID<\/th>\n | Ti\u00eau \u0111\u1ec1<\/th>\n | AuthorID<\/th>\n | GenreID<\/th>\n | N\u0103m<\/th>\n | ISBN<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n | \n\n| 1<\/td>\n | \u201c\u0110\u1ea1i Gatsby\u201d<\/td>\n | 1<\/td>\n | 1<\/td>\n | 1925<\/td>\n | 978-0743273565<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | \n| 2<\/td>\n | \u201cGi\u1ebft m\u1ed9t con chim s\u1ebb\u201d<\/td>\n | 2<\/td>\n | 1<\/td>\n | 1960<\/td>\n | 978-0061120084<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | \n| 3<\/td>\n | \u201cNg\u01b0\u1eddi gi\u1eef l\u00faa\u201d<\/td>\n | 3<\/td>\n | 1<\/td>\n | 1951<\/td>\n | 978-0316769488<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | \n| 4<\/td>\n | \u201cNg\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00f9n\u201d<\/td>\n | 4<\/td>\n | 2<\/td>\n | 1937<\/td>\n | 978-0547928227<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n B\u00e2y gi\u1edd, d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u00e3 \u1edf d\u1ea1ng chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t v\u00ec m\u1ed7i c\u1ed9t ch\u1ee9a c\u00e1c gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb nguy\u00ean t\u1eed, v\u00e0 ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o c\u00e1c b\u1ea3ng ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t cho d\u1eef li\u1ec7u li\u00ean quan.<\/p>\n B\u01b0\u1edbc 2: D\u1ea1ng chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a th\u1ee9 hai (2NF)<\/strong><\/p>\nTrong d\u1ea1ng chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a th\u1ee9 hai, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c thu\u1ed9c t\u00ednh kh\u00f4ng kh\u00f3a (c\u00e1c c\u1ed9t) \u0111\u1ec1u ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c h\u00e0m ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n v\u00e0o kh\u00f3a ch\u00ednh. \u0110\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y:<\/p>\n \n- X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh kh\u00f3a ch\u00ednh cho b\u1ea3ng S\u00e1ch. Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p n\u00e0y, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 BookID.<\/li>\n
- T\u1ea1o m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3ng m\u1edbi cho t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 s\u00e1ch:<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
B\u1ea3ng BookAuthors (2NF):<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n| BookID<\/th>\n | AuthorID<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n | \n\n| 1<\/td>\n | 1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | \n| 2<\/td>\n | 2<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | \n| 3<\/td>\n | 3<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | \n| 4<\/td>\n | 4<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n\n- S\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i b\u1ea3ng S\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf c\u1ed9t AuthorID (b\u00e2y gi\u1edd n\u00f3 n\u1eb1m trong b\u1ea3ng BookAuthors):<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
B\u1ea3ng S\u00e1ch (2NF):<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n| BookID<\/th>\n | Ti\u00eau \u0111\u1ec1<\/th>\n | GenreID<\/th>\n | N\u0103m<\/th>\n | ISBN<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n | \n\n| 1<\/td>\n | \u201cThe Great Gatsby\u201d<\/td>\n | 1<\/td>\n | 1925<\/td>\n | 978-0743273565<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | \n| 2<\/td>\n | \u201c\u0110\u1ec3 gi\u1ebft m\u1ed9t con chim s\u1ebb\u201d<\/td>\n | 1<\/td>\n | 1960<\/td>\n | 978-0061120084<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | \n| 3<\/td>\n | \u201cNg\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1eaft chim s\u1ebb\u201d<\/td>\n | 1<\/td>\n | 1951<\/td>\n | 978-0316769488<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | \n| 4<\/td>\n | \u201cB\u00e9 Hobbit\u201d<\/td>\n | 2<\/td>\n | 1937<\/td>\n | 978-0547928227<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n B\u00e2y gi\u1edd, d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u00e3 \u1edf d\u1ea1ng chu\u1ea9n th\u1ee9 hai v\u00ec t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c thu\u1ed9c t\u00ednh kh\u00f4ng kh\u00f3a \u0111\u1ec1u ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c h\u00e0m ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n v\u00e0o kh\u00f3a ch\u00ednh.<\/p>\n B\u01b0\u1edbc 3: D\u1ea1ng chu\u1ea9n th\u1ee9 ba (3NF)<\/strong><\/p>\nTrong d\u1ea1ng chu\u1ea9n th\u1ee9 ba, ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed1i ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c truy\u1ec1n d\u1eabn gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c thu\u1ed9c t\u00ednh kh\u00f4ng kh\u00f3a. \u0110\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y:<\/p>\n \n- X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh kh\u00f3a ch\u00ednh cho b\u1ea3ng S\u00e1ch. Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p n\u00e0y, n\u00f3 v\u1eabn l\u00e0 BookID.<\/li>\n
- T\u1ea1o m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3ng m\u1edbi cho th\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i s\u00e1ch:<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
B\u1ea3ng BookGenres (3NF):<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n| BookID<\/th>\n | GenreID<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n | \n\n| 1<\/td>\n | 1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | \n| 2<\/td>\n | 1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | \n| 3<\/td>\n | 1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | \n| 4<\/td>\n | 2<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n\n- S\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i b\u1ea3ng Books \u0111\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf c\u1ed9t GenreID (nay n\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 n\u1eb1m trong b\u1ea3ng BookGenres):<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
B\u1ea3ng Books (3NF):<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n| BookID<\/th>\n | Ti\u00eau \u0111\u1ec1<\/th>\n | N\u0103m<\/th>\n | ISBN<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n | \n\n| 1<\/td>\n | \u201cThe Great Gatsby\u201d<\/td>\n | 1925<\/td>\n | 978-0743273565<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | \n| 2<\/td>\n | \u201c\u0110\u1ec3 gi\u1ebft m\u1ed9t con chim s\u1ebb\u201d<\/td>\n | 1960<\/td>\n | 978-0061120084<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | \n| 3<\/td>\n | \u201cNg\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1eaft chim s\u1ebb\u201d<\/td>\n | 1951<\/td>\n | 978-0316769488<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | \n| 4<\/td>\n | \u201cCh\u00fa b\u00e9 Hobbit\u201d<\/td>\n | 1937<\/td>\n | 978-0547928227<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n B\u00e2y gi\u1edd, d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u00e3 \u1edf d\u1ea1ng chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a th\u1ee9 ba v\u00ec kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed1i ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c b\u1eafc c\u1ea7u gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c thu\u1ed9c t\u00ednh kh\u00f4ng kh\u00f3a.<\/p>\n K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn<\/h2>\nH\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn n\u00e0y, \u201cL\u00e0m cho d\u1eef li\u1ec7u tr\u00f4i ch\u1ea3y: H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn v\u1ec1 chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u,\u201d cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn t\u1eebng b\u01b0\u1edbc v\u1ec1 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u. B\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u b\u1eb1ng ph\u1ea7n gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u v\u1ec1 kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m, n\u00f3 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch c\u00e1ch chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u s\u1ef1 tr\u00f9ng l\u1eb7p d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u00ednh to\u00e0n v\u1eb9n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u. Th\u00f4ng qua m\u1ed9t v\u00ed d\u1ee5 th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf v\u1ec1 c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u s\u00e1ch th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n, h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn s\u1ebd d\u1eabn b\u1ea1n qua c\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ea1ng chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t, th\u1ee9 hai v\u00e0 th\u1ee9 ba (1NF, 2NF v\u00e0 3NF). \u0110\u1ebfn cu\u1ed1i h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn, b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft v\u1eefng ch\u1eafc v\u1ec1 c\u00e1ch t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 nh\u1eb1m c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec.<\/p>\n \u00a0<\/p>\n \u00a0<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u Trong th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 t\u00ednh to\u00e0n v\u1eb9n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u t\u1ed1i quan tr\u1ecdng. Chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u l\u00e0 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh mang l\u1ea1i tr\u1eadt t\u1ef1 cho s\u1ef1 h\u1ed7n lo\u1ea1n c\u1ee7a d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u s\u1ef1 tr\u00f9ng l\u1eb7p v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o th\u00f4ng tin lu\u00f4n nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n. Trong h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n n\u00e0y, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i s\u1ebd d\u1eabn b\u1ea1n \u0111i qua c\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc thi\u1ebft y\u1ebfu c\u1ee7a chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u. Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i s\u1ebd b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c hi\u1ec3u c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n v\u1ec1 kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m n\u00e0y, r\u1ed3i d\u1ea7n \u0111i s\u00e2u v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng chi ti\u1ebft ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ea1ng chu\u1ea9n th\u1ee9 ba. \u0110\u1ebfn cu\u1ed1i b\u00e0i h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn n\u00e0y, b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trang b\u1ecb ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh nh\u1eb1m \u0111\u1ea1t hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec t\u1ed1i \u01b0u. Chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u l\u00e0 g\u00ec? Chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh c\u00f3 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u00e0 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c c\u00e1c c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u quan h\u1ec7 nh\u1eb1m gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u s\u1ef1 tr\u00f9ng l\u1eb7p d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n t\u00ednh to\u00e0n v\u1eb9n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u. N\u00f3 bao g\u1ed3m vi\u1ec7c c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u sao cho d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u01b0u tr\u1eef, c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt v\u00e0 truy v\u1ea5n m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng x\u1ea3y ra c\u00e1c l\u1ed7i v\u00e0 b\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng. C\u00e1c m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u l\u00e0: Lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf s\u1ef1 tr\u00f9ng l\u1eb7p d\u1eef li\u1ec7u: B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c d\u1eef li\u1ec7u m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3, chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a gi\u1ea3m nhu c\u1ea7u l\u01b0u tr\u1eef c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u1edf nhi\u1ec1u v\u1ecb tr\u00ed trong c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m kh\u00f4ng gian l\u01b0u tr\u1eef m\u00e0 c\u00f2n \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o d\u1eef li\u1ec7u lu\u00f4n nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n tr\u00ean to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u. N\u00e2ng cao t\u00ednh to\u00e0n v\u1eb9n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u: Chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a gi\u00fap duy tr\u00ec \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c v\u00e0 t\u00ednh nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n c\u1ee7a d\u1eef li\u1ec7u b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u r\u1ee7i ro x\u1ea3y ra c\u00e1c b\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 b\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt (c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt d\u1eef li\u1ec7u kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n), b\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u00e8n (kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n khi ch\u00e8n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u m\u1edbi) v\u00e0 b\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng x\u00f3a (x\u00f3a d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00f4 t\u00ecnh). \u0110\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n h\u00f3a qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd d\u1eef li\u1ec7u: M\u1ed9t c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a t\u1ed1t s\u1ebd d\u1ec5 b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec v\u00e0 s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i h\u01a1n. N\u00f3 \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n h\u00f3a qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh th\u00eam, c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt v\u00e0 x\u00f3a b\u1ea3n ghi, gi\u00fap c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u tr\u1edf n\u00ean d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng h\u01a1n. Chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c “d\u1ea1ng chu\u1ea9n” kh\u00e1c nhau, m\u1ed7i d\u1ea1ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 quy t\u1eafc h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn vi\u1ec7c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c d\u1eef li\u1ec7u trong c\u00e1c b\u1ea3ng. C\u00e1c d\u1ea1ng chu\u1ea9n th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0: D\u1ea1ng chu\u1ea9n th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t (1NF): \u0110\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng m\u1ed7i c\u1ed9t trong m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3ng ch\u1ec9 ch\u1ee9a c\u00e1c gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb nguy\u00ean t\u1eed (kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 chia nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n), v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 nh\u00f3m l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i ho\u1eb7c m\u1ea3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u. D\u1ea1ng chu\u1ea9n th\u1ee9 hai (2NF): X\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng tr\u00ean 1NF b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c thu\u1ed9c t\u00ednh kh\u00f4ng kh\u00f3a (c\u1ed9t) \u0111\u1ec1u ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c h\u00e0m to\u00e0n ph\u1ea7n v\u00e0o kh\u00f3a ch\u00ednh. N\u00f3 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf c\u00e1c ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c ri\u00eang ph\u1ea7n. D\u1ea1ng chu\u1ea9n th\u1ee9 ba (3NF): M\u1edf r\u1ed9ng 2NF b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf c\u00e1c ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c b\u1eafc c\u1ea7u, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 thu\u1ed9c t\u00ednh kh\u00f4ng kh\u00f3a n\u00e0o ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o c\u00e1c thu\u1ed9c t\u00ednh kh\u00f4ng kh\u00f3a kh\u00e1c. V\u01b0\u1ee3t xa 3NF, c\u00f2n c\u00f3 c\u00e1c d\u1ea1ng chu\u1ea9n kh\u00e1c nh\u01b0 D\u1ea1ng chu\u1ea9n Boyce-Codd (BCNF) v\u00e0 D\u1ea1ng chu\u1ea9n th\u1ee9 t\u01b0 (4NF), nh\u1eb1m gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft c\u00e1c t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p h\u01a1n. Vi\u1ec7c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn d\u1ea1ng chu\u1ea9n n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 \u0111\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ed5i gi\u1eefa s\u1ef1 tr\u00f9ng l\u1eb7p d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t truy v\u1ea5n. Chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf quan tr\u1ecdng, t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a vi\u1ec7c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c d\u1eef li\u1ec7u trong c\u00e1c c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u quan h\u1ec7, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n, \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c d\u1eef li\u1ec7u cao h\u01a1n v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng h\u01a1n. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m thi\u1ebft y\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb vi\u00ean c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 nh\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c v\u1edbi c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u quan h\u1ec7. Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng Th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n T\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u: H\u00e3y t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ec3 l\u01b0u tr\u1eef th\u00f4ng tin v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch trong th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n. Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf ban \u0111\u1ea7u ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3ng duy nh\u1ea5t mang t\u00ean \u201cBooks\u201d, nh\u01b0 sau: B\u1ea3ng S\u00e1ch (Ch\u01b0a chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a): M\u00e3S\u00e1ch Ti\u00eau \u0111\u1ec1 T\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 Th\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i N\u0103m ISBN 1 \u201cThe Great Gatsby\u201d \u201cF. Scott Fitzgerald\u201d \u201cV\u0103n h\u1ecdc\u201d 1925 978-0743273565 2 \u201cGi\u1ebft m\u1ed9t con chim s\u00e1o\u201d \u201cHarper Lee\u201d \u201cTruy\u1ec7n h\u01b0 c\u1ea5u\u201d 1960 978-0061120084 3 \u201cNg\u01b0\u1eddi gi\u1eef tr\u1ebb trong \u0111\u1ed3ng l\u00faa\u201d \u201cJ.D. Salinger\u201d \u201cTruy\u1ec7n h\u01b0 c\u1ea5u\u201d 1951 978-0316769488 4 \u201cB\u00e9 nh\u1ecf\u201d \u201cJ.R.R. Tolkien\u201d \u201cTh\u1ea7n tho\u1ea1i\u201d 1937 978-0547928227 Ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 s\u1ef1 tr\u00f9ng l\u1eb7p trong b\u1ea3ng n\u00e0y. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, th\u00f4ng tin t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 v\u00e0 th\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i cho m\u1ed7i cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch. H\u00e3y b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a. B\u01b0\u1edbc 1: D\u1ea1ng chu\u1ea9n th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t (1NF) Trong d\u1ea1ng chu\u1ea9n th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t, ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng m\u1ed7i c\u1ed9t trong m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3ng ch\u1ec9 ch\u1ee9a c\u00e1c gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb nguy\u00ean t\u1eed (kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 chia nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n). \u0110\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y, ch\u00fang ta t\u1ea1o c\u00e1c b\u1ea3ng ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t cho d\u1eef li\u1ec7u li\u00ean quan. T\u1ea1o m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3ng cho c\u00e1c t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3: B\u1ea3ng T\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 (1NF): M\u00e3 t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 T\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 1 \u201cF. Scott Fitzgerald\u201d 2 \u201cHarper Lee\u201d 3 \u201cJ.D. Salinger\u201d 4 \u201cJ.R.R. Tolkien\u201d T\u1ea1o m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3ng cho Th\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i: B\u1ea3ng Th\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i (1NF): GenreID Th\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i 1 \u201cTruy\u1ec7n h\u01b0 c\u1ea5u\u201d 2 \u201cKhoa h\u1ecdc vi\u1ec5n t\u01b0\u1edfng\u201d S\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i b\u1ea3ng S\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ec3 tham chi\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c b\u1ea3ng T\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 v\u00e0 Th\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i: B\u1ea3ngT\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a D\u1eef li\u1ec7u: H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn v\u1ec1 Chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a C\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_yoast_wpseo_title":"","_yoast_wpseo_metadesc":"","_eb_attr":"","neve_meta_sidebar":"","neve_meta_container":"","neve_meta_enable_content_width":"","neve_meta_content_width":0,"neve_meta_title_alignment":"","neve_meta_author_avatar":"","neve_post_elements_order":"","neve_meta_disable_header":"","neve_meta_disable_footer":"","neve_meta_disable_title":"","fifu_image_url":"","fifu_image_alt":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[17],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-6544","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-data-modeling-database"],"yoast_head":"\nT\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a D\u1eef li\u1ec7u: H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn v\u1ec1 Chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a C\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u - Visual Paradigm Guides Vietnamese<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/guides.visual-paradigm.com\/vn\/streamlining-data-a-guide-to-database-normalization\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"vi_VN\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"T\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a D\u1eef li\u1ec7u: H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn v\u1ec1 Chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a C\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u - Visual Paradigm Guides Vietnamese\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u Trong th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 t\u00ednh to\u00e0n v\u1eb9n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u t\u1ed1i quan tr\u1ecdng. Chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u l\u00e0 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh mang l\u1ea1i tr\u1eadt t\u1ef1 cho s\u1ef1 h\u1ed7n lo\u1ea1n c\u1ee7a d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u s\u1ef1 tr\u00f9ng l\u1eb7p v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o th\u00f4ng tin lu\u00f4n nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n. Trong h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n n\u00e0y, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i s\u1ebd d\u1eabn b\u1ea1n \u0111i qua c\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc thi\u1ebft y\u1ebfu c\u1ee7a chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u. Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i s\u1ebd b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c hi\u1ec3u c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n v\u1ec1 kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m n\u00e0y, r\u1ed3i d\u1ea7n \u0111i s\u00e2u v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng chi ti\u1ebft ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ea1ng chu\u1ea9n th\u1ee9 ba. \u0110\u1ebfn cu\u1ed1i b\u00e0i h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn n\u00e0y, b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trang b\u1ecb ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh nh\u1eb1m \u0111\u1ea1t hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec t\u1ed1i \u01b0u. Chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u l\u00e0 g\u00ec? Chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh c\u00f3 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u00e0 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c c\u00e1c c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u quan h\u1ec7 nh\u1eb1m gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u s\u1ef1 tr\u00f9ng l\u1eb7p d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n t\u00ednh to\u00e0n v\u1eb9n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u. N\u00f3 bao g\u1ed3m vi\u1ec7c c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u sao cho d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u01b0u tr\u1eef, c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt v\u00e0 truy v\u1ea5n m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng x\u1ea3y ra c\u00e1c l\u1ed7i v\u00e0 b\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng. C\u00e1c m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u l\u00e0: Lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf s\u1ef1 tr\u00f9ng l\u1eb7p d\u1eef li\u1ec7u: B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c d\u1eef li\u1ec7u m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3, chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a gi\u1ea3m nhu c\u1ea7u l\u01b0u tr\u1eef c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u1edf nhi\u1ec1u v\u1ecb tr\u00ed trong c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m kh\u00f4ng gian l\u01b0u tr\u1eef m\u00e0 c\u00f2n \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o d\u1eef li\u1ec7u lu\u00f4n nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n tr\u00ean to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u. N\u00e2ng cao t\u00ednh to\u00e0n v\u1eb9n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u: Chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a gi\u00fap duy tr\u00ec \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c v\u00e0 t\u00ednh nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n c\u1ee7a d\u1eef li\u1ec7u b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u r\u1ee7i ro x\u1ea3y ra c\u00e1c b\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 b\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt (c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt d\u1eef li\u1ec7u kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n), b\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u00e8n (kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n khi ch\u00e8n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u m\u1edbi) v\u00e0 b\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng x\u00f3a (x\u00f3a d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00f4 t\u00ecnh). \u0110\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n h\u00f3a qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd d\u1eef li\u1ec7u: M\u1ed9t c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a t\u1ed1t s\u1ebd d\u1ec5 b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec v\u00e0 s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i h\u01a1n. N\u00f3 \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n h\u00f3a qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh th\u00eam, c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt v\u00e0 x\u00f3a b\u1ea3n ghi, gi\u00fap c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u tr\u1edf n\u00ean d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng h\u01a1n. Chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c “d\u1ea1ng chu\u1ea9n” kh\u00e1c nhau, m\u1ed7i d\u1ea1ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 quy t\u1eafc h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn vi\u1ec7c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c d\u1eef li\u1ec7u trong c\u00e1c b\u1ea3ng. C\u00e1c d\u1ea1ng chu\u1ea9n th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0: D\u1ea1ng chu\u1ea9n th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t (1NF): \u0110\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng m\u1ed7i c\u1ed9t trong m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3ng ch\u1ec9 ch\u1ee9a c\u00e1c gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb nguy\u00ean t\u1eed (kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 chia nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n), v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 nh\u00f3m l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i ho\u1eb7c m\u1ea3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u. D\u1ea1ng chu\u1ea9n th\u1ee9 hai (2NF): X\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng tr\u00ean 1NF b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c thu\u1ed9c t\u00ednh kh\u00f4ng kh\u00f3a (c\u1ed9t) \u0111\u1ec1u ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c h\u00e0m to\u00e0n ph\u1ea7n v\u00e0o kh\u00f3a ch\u00ednh. N\u00f3 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf c\u00e1c ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c ri\u00eang ph\u1ea7n. D\u1ea1ng chu\u1ea9n th\u1ee9 ba (3NF): M\u1edf r\u1ed9ng 2NF b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf c\u00e1c ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c b\u1eafc c\u1ea7u, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 thu\u1ed9c t\u00ednh kh\u00f4ng kh\u00f3a n\u00e0o ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o c\u00e1c thu\u1ed9c t\u00ednh kh\u00f4ng kh\u00f3a kh\u00e1c. V\u01b0\u1ee3t xa 3NF, c\u00f2n c\u00f3 c\u00e1c d\u1ea1ng chu\u1ea9n kh\u00e1c nh\u01b0 D\u1ea1ng chu\u1ea9n Boyce-Codd (BCNF) v\u00e0 D\u1ea1ng chu\u1ea9n th\u1ee9 t\u01b0 (4NF), nh\u1eb1m gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft c\u00e1c t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p h\u01a1n. Vi\u1ec7c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn d\u1ea1ng chu\u1ea9n n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 \u0111\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ed5i gi\u1eefa s\u1ef1 tr\u00f9ng l\u1eb7p d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t truy v\u1ea5n. Chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf quan tr\u1ecdng, t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a vi\u1ec7c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c d\u1eef li\u1ec7u trong c\u00e1c c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u quan h\u1ec7, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n, \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c d\u1eef li\u1ec7u cao h\u01a1n v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng h\u01a1n. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m thi\u1ebft y\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb vi\u00ean c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 nh\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c v\u1edbi c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u quan h\u1ec7. Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng Th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n T\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u: H\u00e3y t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ec3 l\u01b0u tr\u1eef th\u00f4ng tin v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch trong th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n. Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf ban \u0111\u1ea7u ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3ng duy nh\u1ea5t mang t\u00ean \u201cBooks\u201d, nh\u01b0 sau: B\u1ea3ng S\u00e1ch (Ch\u01b0a chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a): M\u00e3S\u00e1ch Ti\u00eau \u0111\u1ec1 T\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 Th\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i N\u0103m ISBN 1 \u201cThe Great Gatsby\u201d \u201cF. Scott Fitzgerald\u201d \u201cV\u0103n h\u1ecdc\u201d 1925 978-0743273565 2 \u201cGi\u1ebft m\u1ed9t con chim s\u00e1o\u201d \u201cHarper Lee\u201d \u201cTruy\u1ec7n h\u01b0 c\u1ea5u\u201d 1960 978-0061120084 3 \u201cNg\u01b0\u1eddi gi\u1eef tr\u1ebb trong \u0111\u1ed3ng l\u00faa\u201d \u201cJ.D. Salinger\u201d \u201cTruy\u1ec7n h\u01b0 c\u1ea5u\u201d 1951 978-0316769488 4 \u201cB\u00e9 nh\u1ecf\u201d \u201cJ.R.R. Tolkien\u201d \u201cTh\u1ea7n tho\u1ea1i\u201d 1937 978-0547928227 Ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 s\u1ef1 tr\u00f9ng l\u1eb7p trong b\u1ea3ng n\u00e0y. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, th\u00f4ng tin t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 v\u00e0 th\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i cho m\u1ed7i cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch. H\u00e3y b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a. B\u01b0\u1edbc 1: D\u1ea1ng chu\u1ea9n th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t (1NF) Trong d\u1ea1ng chu\u1ea9n th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t, ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng m\u1ed7i c\u1ed9t trong m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3ng ch\u1ec9 ch\u1ee9a c\u00e1c gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb nguy\u00ean t\u1eed (kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 chia nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n). \u0110\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y, ch\u00fang ta t\u1ea1o c\u00e1c b\u1ea3ng ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t cho d\u1eef li\u1ec7u li\u00ean quan. T\u1ea1o m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3ng cho c\u00e1c t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3: B\u1ea3ng T\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 (1NF): M\u00e3 t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 T\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 1 \u201cF. Scott Fitzgerald\u201d 2 \u201cHarper Lee\u201d 3 \u201cJ.D. Salinger\u201d 4 \u201cJ.R.R. Tolkien\u201d T\u1ea1o m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3ng cho Th\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i: B\u1ea3ng Th\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i (1NF): GenreID Th\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i 1 \u201cTruy\u1ec7n h\u01b0 c\u1ea5u\u201d 2 \u201cKhoa h\u1ecdc vi\u1ec5n t\u01b0\u1edfng\u201d S\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i b\u1ea3ng S\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ec3 tham chi\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c b\u1ea3ng T\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 v\u00e0 Th\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i: B\u1ea3ngT\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a D\u1eef li\u1ec7u: H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn v\u1ec1 Chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a C\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/guides.visual-paradigm.com\/vn\/streamlining-data-a-guide-to-database-normalization\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Visual Paradigm Guides Vietnamese\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2026-02-05T01:30:31+00:00\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"\u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ebft b\u1edfi\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"vpadmin\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"\u01af\u1edbc t\u00ednh th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u1ecdc\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"5 ph\u00fat\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/guides.visual-paradigm.com\/vn\/streamlining-data-a-guide-to-database-normalization\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/guides.visual-paradigm.com\/vn\/streamlining-data-a-guide-to-database-normalization\/\"},\"headline\":\"T\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a D\u1eef li\u1ec7u: H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn v\u1ec1 Chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a C\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u\",\"datePublished\":\"2026-02-05T01:30:31+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/guides.visual-paradigm.com\/vn\/streamlining-data-a-guide-to-database-normalization\/\"},\"wordCount\":2278,\"commentCount\":0,\"articleSection\":[\"Data Modeling \/ Database\"],\"inLanguage\":\"vi\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/guides.visual-paradigm.com\/vn\/streamlining-data-a-guide-to-database-normalization\/#respond\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/guides.visual-paradigm.com\/vn\/streamlining-data-a-guide-to-database-normalization\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/guides.visual-paradigm.com\/vn\/streamlining-data-a-guide-to-database-normalization\/\",\"name\":\"T\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a D\u1eef li\u1ec7u: H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn v\u1ec1 Chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a C\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u - 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Chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u l\u00e0 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh mang l\u1ea1i tr\u1eadt t\u1ef1 cho s\u1ef1 h\u1ed7n lo\u1ea1n c\u1ee7a d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u s\u1ef1 tr\u00f9ng l\u1eb7p v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o th\u00f4ng tin lu\u00f4n nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n. Trong h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n n\u00e0y, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i s\u1ebd d\u1eabn b\u1ea1n \u0111i qua c\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc thi\u1ebft y\u1ebfu c\u1ee7a chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u. Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i s\u1ebd b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c hi\u1ec3u c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n v\u1ec1 kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m n\u00e0y, r\u1ed3i d\u1ea7n \u0111i s\u00e2u v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng chi ti\u1ebft ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ea1ng chu\u1ea9n th\u1ee9 ba. \u0110\u1ebfn cu\u1ed1i b\u00e0i h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn n\u00e0y, b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trang b\u1ecb ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh nh\u1eb1m \u0111\u1ea1t hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec t\u1ed1i \u01b0u. Chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u l\u00e0 g\u00ec? Chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh c\u00f3 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u00e0 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c c\u00e1c c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u quan h\u1ec7 nh\u1eb1m gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u s\u1ef1 tr\u00f9ng l\u1eb7p d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n t\u00ednh to\u00e0n v\u1eb9n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u. N\u00f3 bao g\u1ed3m vi\u1ec7c c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u sao cho d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u01b0u tr\u1eef, c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt v\u00e0 truy v\u1ea5n m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng x\u1ea3y ra c\u00e1c l\u1ed7i v\u00e0 b\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng. C\u00e1c m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u l\u00e0: Lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf s\u1ef1 tr\u00f9ng l\u1eb7p d\u1eef li\u1ec7u: B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c d\u1eef li\u1ec7u m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3, chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a gi\u1ea3m nhu c\u1ea7u l\u01b0u tr\u1eef c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u1edf nhi\u1ec1u v\u1ecb tr\u00ed trong c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m kh\u00f4ng gian l\u01b0u tr\u1eef m\u00e0 c\u00f2n \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o d\u1eef li\u1ec7u lu\u00f4n nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n tr\u00ean to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u. N\u00e2ng cao t\u00ednh to\u00e0n v\u1eb9n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u: Chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a gi\u00fap duy tr\u00ec \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c v\u00e0 t\u00ednh nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n c\u1ee7a d\u1eef li\u1ec7u b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u r\u1ee7i ro x\u1ea3y ra c\u00e1c b\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 b\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt (c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt d\u1eef li\u1ec7u kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n), b\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u00e8n (kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n khi ch\u00e8n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u m\u1edbi) v\u00e0 b\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng x\u00f3a (x\u00f3a d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00f4 t\u00ecnh). \u0110\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n h\u00f3a qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd d\u1eef li\u1ec7u: M\u1ed9t c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a t\u1ed1t s\u1ebd d\u1ec5 b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec v\u00e0 s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i h\u01a1n. N\u00f3 \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n h\u00f3a qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh th\u00eam, c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt v\u00e0 x\u00f3a b\u1ea3n ghi, gi\u00fap c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u tr\u1edf n\u00ean d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng h\u01a1n. Chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c “d\u1ea1ng chu\u1ea9n” kh\u00e1c nhau, m\u1ed7i d\u1ea1ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 quy t\u1eafc h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn vi\u1ec7c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c d\u1eef li\u1ec7u trong c\u00e1c b\u1ea3ng. C\u00e1c d\u1ea1ng chu\u1ea9n th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0: D\u1ea1ng chu\u1ea9n th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t (1NF): \u0110\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng m\u1ed7i c\u1ed9t trong m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3ng ch\u1ec9 ch\u1ee9a c\u00e1c gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb nguy\u00ean t\u1eed (kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 chia nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n), v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 nh\u00f3m l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i ho\u1eb7c m\u1ea3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u. D\u1ea1ng chu\u1ea9n th\u1ee9 hai (2NF): X\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng tr\u00ean 1NF b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c thu\u1ed9c t\u00ednh kh\u00f4ng kh\u00f3a (c\u1ed9t) \u0111\u1ec1u ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c h\u00e0m to\u00e0n ph\u1ea7n v\u00e0o kh\u00f3a ch\u00ednh. N\u00f3 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf c\u00e1c ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c ri\u00eang ph\u1ea7n. D\u1ea1ng chu\u1ea9n th\u1ee9 ba (3NF): M\u1edf r\u1ed9ng 2NF b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf c\u00e1c ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c b\u1eafc c\u1ea7u, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 thu\u1ed9c t\u00ednh kh\u00f4ng kh\u00f3a n\u00e0o ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o c\u00e1c thu\u1ed9c t\u00ednh kh\u00f4ng kh\u00f3a kh\u00e1c. V\u01b0\u1ee3t xa 3NF, c\u00f2n c\u00f3 c\u00e1c d\u1ea1ng chu\u1ea9n kh\u00e1c nh\u01b0 D\u1ea1ng chu\u1ea9n Boyce-Codd (BCNF) v\u00e0 D\u1ea1ng chu\u1ea9n th\u1ee9 t\u01b0 (4NF), nh\u1eb1m gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft c\u00e1c t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p h\u01a1n. Vi\u1ec7c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn d\u1ea1ng chu\u1ea9n n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 \u0111\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ed5i gi\u1eefa s\u1ef1 tr\u00f9ng l\u1eb7p d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t truy v\u1ea5n. Chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf quan tr\u1ecdng, t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a vi\u1ec7c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c d\u1eef li\u1ec7u trong c\u00e1c c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u quan h\u1ec7, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n, \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c d\u1eef li\u1ec7u cao h\u01a1n v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng h\u01a1n. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m thi\u1ebft y\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb vi\u00ean c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 nh\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c v\u1edbi c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u quan h\u1ec7. Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng Th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n T\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u: H\u00e3y t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ec3 l\u01b0u tr\u1eef th\u00f4ng tin v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch trong th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n. Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf ban \u0111\u1ea7u ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3ng duy nh\u1ea5t mang t\u00ean \u201cBooks\u201d, nh\u01b0 sau: B\u1ea3ng S\u00e1ch (Ch\u01b0a chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a): M\u00e3S\u00e1ch Ti\u00eau \u0111\u1ec1 T\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 Th\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i N\u0103m ISBN 1 \u201cThe Great Gatsby\u201d \u201cF. Scott Fitzgerald\u201d \u201cV\u0103n h\u1ecdc\u201d 1925 978-0743273565 2 \u201cGi\u1ebft m\u1ed9t con chim s\u00e1o\u201d \u201cHarper Lee\u201d \u201cTruy\u1ec7n h\u01b0 c\u1ea5u\u201d 1960 978-0061120084 3 \u201cNg\u01b0\u1eddi gi\u1eef tr\u1ebb trong \u0111\u1ed3ng l\u00faa\u201d \u201cJ.D. Salinger\u201d \u201cTruy\u1ec7n h\u01b0 c\u1ea5u\u201d 1951 978-0316769488 4 \u201cB\u00e9 nh\u1ecf\u201d \u201cJ.R.R. Tolkien\u201d \u201cTh\u1ea7n tho\u1ea1i\u201d 1937 978-0547928227 Ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 s\u1ef1 tr\u00f9ng l\u1eb7p trong b\u1ea3ng n\u00e0y. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, th\u00f4ng tin t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 v\u00e0 th\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i cho m\u1ed7i cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch. H\u00e3y b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a. B\u01b0\u1edbc 1: D\u1ea1ng chu\u1ea9n th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t (1NF) Trong d\u1ea1ng chu\u1ea9n th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t, ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng m\u1ed7i c\u1ed9t trong m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3ng ch\u1ec9 ch\u1ee9a c\u00e1c gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb nguy\u00ean t\u1eed (kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 chia nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n). \u0110\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y, ch\u00fang ta t\u1ea1o c\u00e1c b\u1ea3ng ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t cho d\u1eef li\u1ec7u li\u00ean quan. T\u1ea1o m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3ng cho c\u00e1c t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3: B\u1ea3ng T\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 (1NF): M\u00e3 t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 T\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 1 \u201cF. Scott Fitzgerald\u201d 2 \u201cHarper Lee\u201d 3 \u201cJ.D. Salinger\u201d 4 \u201cJ.R.R. Tolkien\u201d T\u1ea1o m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3ng cho Th\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i: B\u1ea3ng Th\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i (1NF): GenreID Th\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i 1 \u201cTruy\u1ec7n h\u01b0 c\u1ea5u\u201d 2 \u201cKhoa h\u1ecdc vi\u1ec5n t\u01b0\u1edfng\u201d S\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i b\u1ea3ng S\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ec3 tham chi\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c b\u1ea3ng T\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 v\u00e0 Th\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i: B\u1ea3ngT\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a D\u1eef li\u1ec7u: H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn v\u1ec1 Chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a C\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u","og_url":"https:\/\/guides.visual-paradigm.com\/vn\/streamlining-data-a-guide-to-database-normalization\/","og_site_name":"Visual Paradigm Guides Vietnamese","article_published_time":"2026-02-05T01:30:31+00:00","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"\u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ebft b\u1edfi":"vpadmin","\u01af\u1edbc t\u00ednh th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u1ecdc":"5 ph\u00fat"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/guides.visual-paradigm.com\/vn\/streamlining-data-a-guide-to-database-normalization\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/guides.visual-paradigm.com\/vn\/streamlining-data-a-guide-to-database-normalization\/"},"headline":"T\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a D\u1eef li\u1ec7u: H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn v\u1ec1 Chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a C\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u","datePublished":"2026-02-05T01:30:31+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/guides.visual-paradigm.com\/vn\/streamlining-data-a-guide-to-database-normalization\/"},"wordCount":2278,"commentCount":0,"articleSection":["Data Modeling \/ Database"],"inLanguage":"vi","potentialAction":[{"@type":"CommentAction","name":"Comment","target":["https:\/\/guides.visual-paradigm.com\/vn\/streamlining-data-a-guide-to-database-normalization\/#respond"]}]},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/guides.visual-paradigm.com\/vn\/streamlining-data-a-guide-to-database-normalization\/","url":"https:\/\/guides.visual-paradigm.com\/vn\/streamlining-data-a-guide-to-database-normalization\/","name":"T\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a D\u1eef li\u1ec7u: H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn v\u1ec1 Chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a C\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u - Visual Paradigm Guides Vietnamese","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/guides.visual-paradigm.com\/vn\/#website"},"datePublished":"2026-02-05T01:30:31+00:00","author":{"@id":"https:\/\/guides.visual-paradigm.com\/vn\/#\/schema\/person\/292e97a06c90d6d605ddfd451bfdfe6f"},"breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/guides.visual-paradigm.com\/vn\/streamlining-data-a-guide-to-database-normalization\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"vi","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/guides.visual-paradigm.com\/vn\/streamlining-data-a-guide-to-database-normalization\/"]}]},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/guides.visual-paradigm.com\/vn\/streamlining-data-a-guide-to-database-normalization\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/guides.visual-paradigm.com\/vn\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Data Modeling \/ Database","item":"https:\/\/guides.visual-paradigm.com\/vn\/category\/data-modeling-database\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":3,"name":"T\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a D\u1eef li\u1ec7u: H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn v\u1ec1 Chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a C\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/guides.visual-paradigm.com\/vn\/#website","url":"https:\/\/guides.visual-paradigm.com\/vn\/","name":"Visual Paradigm Guides Vietnamese","description":"Smart guides for an AI-driven world","potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/guides.visual-paradigm.com\/vn\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"vi"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/guides.visual-paradigm.com\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6544","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/guides.visual-paradigm.com\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/guides.visual-paradigm.com\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/guides.visual-paradigm.com\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/guides.visual-paradigm.com\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=6544"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/guides.visual-paradigm.com\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6544\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/guides.visual-paradigm.com\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=6544"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/guides.visual-paradigm.com\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=6544"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/guides.visual-paradigm.com\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=6544"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}} | | | | | | | |