{"id":6751,"date":"2026-02-05T23:01:40","date_gmt":"2026-02-05T15:01:40","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/guides.visual-paradigm.com\/vn\/togaf-adm-top-10-techniques-part-1-architecture-principles\/"},"modified":"2026-02-05T23:01:40","modified_gmt":"2026-02-05T15:01:40","slug":"togaf-adm-top-10-techniques-part-1-architecture-principles","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/guides.visual-paradigm.com\/vn\/togaf-adm-top-10-techniques-part-1-architecture-principles\/","title":{"rendered":"TOGAF ADM: 10 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u \u2013 Ph\u1ea7n 1: Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc Ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac"},"content":{"rendered":"

C\u00e1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt TOGAF ADM \u2013 Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc Ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac<\/h1>\n

Khung ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac c\u1ee7a T\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c M\u1edf (TOGAF) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t khung \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i cho ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac doanh nghi\u1ec7p (EA), cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef chung, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ec3 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf, l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 tri\u1ec3n khai h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng CNTT c\u1ee7a t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c. M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a TOGAF l\u00e0 Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p Ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n Ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac (ADM), cung c\u1ea5p quy tr\u00ecnh t\u1eebng b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac doanh nghi\u1ec7p. Trong ADM, c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac c\u1ee7a t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c. Trong b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i s\u1ebd t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt \u0111\u00f3: Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc Ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac.<\/p>\n

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  1. Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc Doanh nghi\u1ec7p l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng c\u1ea5p cao, cung c\u1ea5p n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng cho vi\u1ec7c ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh tr\u00ean to\u00e0n t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c, trong khi Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc Ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac c\u1ee7a t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c.<\/li>\n
  2. Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc Doanh nghi\u1ec7p th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp b\u1edfi l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o c\u1ea5p cao v\u00e0 d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean s\u1ee9 m\u1ec7nh, t\u1ea7m nh\u00ecn, gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb v\u00e0 m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ee7a t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c. Ch\u00fang cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t khung \u0111\u1ec3 ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh trong t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c kinh doanh, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng m\u1ecdi quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ec1u ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau v\u00e0 m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c.<\/li>\n
  3. Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc Ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp b\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9i ng\u0169 ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac doanh nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac c\u1ee7a t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c. Ch\u00fang cung c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u1ec1 c\u00e1ch thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng n\u00f3 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc doanh nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau v\u00e0 m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    Trong khi c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc doanh nghi\u1ec7p cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t khung c\u1ea5p cao cho vi\u1ec7c ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh tr\u00ean to\u00e0n t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c, c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac cung c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 cho thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac c\u1ee7a t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c. C\u00f9ng nhau, ch\u00fang \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t v\u1edbi s\u1ee9 m\u1ec7nh v\u00e0 m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3, v\u00e0 m\u1ecdi quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a ra v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 v\u1ec1 m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau v\u00e0 \u01b0u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c.<\/p>\n

    M\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc Ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac trong TOGAF ADM<\/h2>\n

    C\u00e1c Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc Ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u00e0 tri\u1ec3n khai ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac doanh nghi\u1ec7p. Ch\u00fang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp c\u00e1c quy t\u1eafc v\u00e0 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn vi\u1ec7c ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac doanh nghi\u1ec7p. Trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh TOGAF ADM (Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p Ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n Ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac), c\u00e1c Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc Ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 then ch\u1ed1t trong vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n, hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3.<\/p>\n

    \"ArchiMate<\/p>\n

    Trong TOGAF ADM, c\u00e1c Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc Ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n Kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m Ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac, l\u00e0 giai \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p. Trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n n\u00e0y, c\u00e1c m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau v\u00e0 m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch c\u1ee7a doanh nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh, v\u00e0 ph\u1ea1m vi n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp. Sau \u0111\u00f3, c\u00e1c Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc Ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean t\u1ea7m nh\u00ecn, m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau v\u00e0 m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch c\u1ee7a doanh nghi\u1ec7p.<\/p>\n

    C\u00e1c Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc Ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t khung \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 c\u00e1c quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac trong su\u1ed1t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ADM. Ch\u00fang gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac lu\u00f4n ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau v\u00e0 m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch c\u1ee7a doanh nghi\u1ec7p, v\u00e0 ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0 b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng, linh ho\u1ea1t v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng. Ngo\u00e0i ra, c\u00e1c Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc Ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi c\u00e1c th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n ng\u00e0nh.<\/p>\n

    C\u00e1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc Ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac<\/h2>\n

    C\u00e1c Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc Ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn c\u1ea5p cao, cung c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u00e0 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n cho vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 duy tr\u00ec ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac doanh nghi\u1ec7p. Ch\u00fang th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n s\u1edbm trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ADM v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng vi\u1ec7c ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh trong su\u1ed1t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac.<\/p>\n

    D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 10 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc Ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac trong TOGAF ADM:<\/p>\n

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    1. B\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng:<\/strong>Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc Ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac, \u0111i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u00f5 m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc n\u00e0y. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y s\u1ebd gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng ch\u00fang ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u00e0 h\u1eefu \u00edch cho t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c.<\/li>\n
    2. Tham gia c\u00e1c b\u00ean li\u00ean quan:<\/strong>C\u00e1c Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc Ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c v\u1edbi c\u00e1c b\u00ean li\u00ean quan, bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o kinh doanh, chuy\u00ean gia CNTT v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ng\u01b0\u1eddi ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh quan tr\u1ecdng kh\u00e1c. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y s\u1ebd gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau v\u00e0 m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch c\u1ee7a t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c.<\/li>\n
    3. Gi\u1eef \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n:<\/strong>C\u00e1c Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc Ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac n\u00ean \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n v\u00e0 d\u1ec5 hi\u1ec3u. Ch\u00fang n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c di\u1ec5n \u0111\u1ea1t b\u1eb1ng ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n v\u00e0 tr\u00e1nh d\u00f9ng thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n.<\/li>\n
    4. S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n:<\/strong>C\u00e1c Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc Ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y theo \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1ec5 \u0111\u1ecdc v\u00e0 hi\u1ec3u. \u0110\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng n\u00e0y n\u00ean bao g\u1ed3m ti\u00eau \u0111\u1ec1 ng\u1eafn, m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 ng\u1eafn g\u1ecdn v\u00e0 c\u00e1c v\u00ed d\u1ee5 ho\u1eb7c b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh li\u00ean quan.<\/li>\n
    5. T\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o c\u00e1c l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c ch\u00ednh:<\/strong>C\u00e1c Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc Ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n cho c\u00e1c l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac doanh nghi\u1ec7p, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt, qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd d\u1eef li\u1ec7u ho\u1eb7c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng.<\/li>\n
    6. Ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t:<\/strong>C\u00e1c Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc Ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac n\u00ean ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t ng\u00e0nh li\u00ean quan. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y s\u1ebd gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng ch\u00fang nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n v\u1edbi c\u00e1c chu\u1ea9n m\u1ef1c ng\u00e0nh v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec3u d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng b\u1edfi ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c.<\/li>\n
    7. Tr\u00e1nh xung \u0111\u1ed9t:<\/strong>C\u00e1c Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc Ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n sao cho tr\u00e1nh xung \u0111\u1ed9t v\u1edbi c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc ho\u1eb7c h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn kh\u00e1c. N\u1ebfu x\u1ea3y ra xung \u0111\u1ed9t, ch\u00fang n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft th\u00f4ng qua h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c v\u00e0 th\u1ecfa hi\u1ec7p.<\/li>\n
    8. Gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t v\u00e0 xem x\u00e9t l\u1ea1i:<\/strong>C\u00e1c Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc Ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem x\u00e9t v\u00e0 c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3 khi c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y s\u1ebd gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng ch\u00fang v\u1eabn ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 theo th\u1eddi gian.<\/li>\n
    9. S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ch\u00fang nh\u01b0 c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh:<\/strong>C\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nh\u01b0 c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh trong su\u1ed1t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ADM. Ch\u00fang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng c\u00e1c quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ec1 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac, l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c then ch\u1ed1t kh\u00e1c.<\/li>\n
    10. Truy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ea1t hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3:<\/strong>C\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c truy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ea1t hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c b\u00ean li\u00ean quan, bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o kinh doanh, chuy\u00ean gia CNTT v\u00e0 c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh then ch\u1ed1t kh\u00e1c. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y s\u1ebd gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng ch\u00fang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 v\u00e0 tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 trong to\u00e0n t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

      C\u00e1c v\u00ed d\u1ee5 th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf v\u1ec1 Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac TOGAF<\/h2>\n

      D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 v\u00ed d\u1ee5 v\u1ec1 Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n b\u1eb1ng TOGAF:<\/p>\n

        \n
      1. Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a:<\/strong>T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n b\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 v\u00e0 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u00ednh nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p.<\/li>\n
      2. T\u00ednh module:<\/strong>C\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n theo ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac module, cho ph\u00e9p t\u00ednh linh ho\u1ea1t v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng.<\/li>\n
      3. Ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 (SOA):<\/strong>C\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng CNTT n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n theo ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5, cho ph\u00e9p t\u00edch h\u1ee3p li\u1ec1n m\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 t\u00e1i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3.<\/li>\n
      4. B\u1ea3o m\u1eadt:<\/strong>T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 n\u00ean tu\u00e2n theo m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc v\u00e0 h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u00ednh b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt, to\u00e0n v\u1eb9n v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng c\u1ee7a d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng.<\/li>\n
      5. Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd d\u1eef li\u1ec7u:<\/strong>T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd b\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 t\u00ednh to\u00e0n v\u1eb9n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u.<\/li>\n
      6. H\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e1m m\u00e2y:<\/strong>T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 m\u1edbi n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n theo h\u01b0\u1edbng ‘\u0111\u00e1m m\u00e2y tr\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u00ean’ \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng l\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ee7a \u0111i\u1ec7n to\u00e1n \u0111\u00e1m m\u00e2y.<\/li>\n
      7. T\u00ednh linh ho\u1ea1t:<\/strong>C\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng CNTT n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p linh ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 tri\u1ec3n khai nhanh ch\u00f3ng c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p m\u1edbi.<\/li>\n
      8. H\u01b0\u1edbng ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng:<\/strong>C\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p CNTT n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf l\u1ea5y ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng l\u00e0m trung t\u00e2m, v\u1edbi tr\u1ecdng t\u00e2m l\u00e0 mang l\u1ea1i tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng t\u00edch c\u1ef1c.<\/li>\n
      9. Hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u1ec1 chi ph\u00ed:<\/strong>T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u1edbi tr\u1ecdng t\u00e2m v\u00e0o hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u1ec1 chi ph\u00ed, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ngu\u1ed3n l\u1ef1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3.<\/li>\n
      10. Tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7:<\/strong>T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 n\u00ean tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ph\u00e1p l\u00fd v\u00e0 tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 li\u00ean quan, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 GDPR ho\u1eb7c HIPAA, \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 ph\u00e1p l\u00fd v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

        V\u00ed d\u1ee5 v\u1ec1 Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh ‘Tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng’<\/h3>\n
          \n
        1. C\u00e1 nh\u00e2n h\u00f3a:<\/strong>Tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n h\u00f3a theo t\u1eebng kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean s\u1edf th\u00edch v\u00e0 h\u00e0nh vi c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd.<\/li>\n
        2. T\u00ednh nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n:<\/strong> Kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng n\u00ean c\u00f3 tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n tr\u00ean t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac, d\u00f9 l\u00e0 tr\u1ef1c tuy\u1ebfn hay ngo\u1ea1i tuy\u1ebfn.<\/li>\n
        3. Ti\u1ec7n l\u1ee3i:<\/strong> Tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 thu\u1eadn ti\u1ec7n v\u00e0 d\u1ec5 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng, v\u1edbi m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u t\u1eeb ph\u00eda kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng.<\/li>\n
        4. Nh\u1ea1y b\u00e9n:<\/strong> Tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng n\u00ean ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i k\u1ecbp th\u1eddi v\u1edbi nhu c\u1ea7u v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i c\u1ee7a kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng, v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft nhanh ch\u00f3ng m\u1ecdi v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ho\u1eb7c lo l\u1eafng.<\/li>\n
        5. Li\u00ean t\u1ee5c:<\/strong> Tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng n\u00ean di\u1ec5n ra tr\u01a1n tru, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec3m g\u00e2y c\u1ea3n tr\u1edf hay r\u00e0o c\u1ea3n gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac ho\u1eb7c k\u00eanh kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/li>\n
        6. Th\u1ea5u c\u1ea3m:<\/strong> Tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 th\u1ea5u c\u1ea3m d\u00e0nh cho kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng, c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc \u0111\u1ebfn c\u1ea3m x\u00fac, nhu c\u1ea7u v\u00e0 mong mu\u1ed1n c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd.<\/li>\n
        7. S\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o:<\/strong> Tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng n\u00ean mang t\u00ednh s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 c\u00f3 t\u1ea7m nh\u00ecn d\u00e0i h\u1ea1n, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 v\u00e0 nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf m\u1edbi nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e1o v\u00e0 h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn.<\/li>\n
        8. Tin c\u1eady:<\/strong> Tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng ni\u1ec1m tin v\u1edbi kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng, v\u1edbi c\u00e1c th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh minh b\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n s\u1ef1 t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi quy\u1ec1n ri\u00eang t\u01b0 v\u00e0 an ninh c\u1ee7a kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng.<\/li>\n
        9. Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn:<\/strong> Tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn b\u1edfi t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng, b\u1ea5t k\u1ec3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng hay khuy\u1ebft t\u1eadt c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n v\u00e0 h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p.<\/li>\n
        10. Gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb:<\/strong> Tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng n\u00ean mang l\u1ea1i gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb cho kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng, th\u00f4ng qua ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m chi ph\u00ed, s\u1ef1 ti\u1ec7n l\u1ee3i ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c l\u1ee3i \u00edch kh\u00e1c.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

          V\u00ed d\u1ee5 v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh \u201cch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m\u201d<\/h3>\n
            \n
          1. D\u1ec5 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng:<\/strong> S\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 th\u00e2n thi\u1ec7n v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng v\u00e0 d\u1ec5 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng, v\u1edbi giao di\u1ec7n tr\u1ef1c quan v\u00e0 h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng.<\/li>\n
          2. \u0110\u1ed9 tin c\u1eady:<\/strong> S\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m n\u00ean \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady v\u00e0 nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n, v\u1edbi s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1ed7i ho\u1eb7c khi\u1ebfm khuy\u1ebft t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u.<\/li>\n
          3. Hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t:<\/strong> S\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m n\u00ean ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng ho\u1eb7c v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 k\u1ef3 v\u1ecdng v\u1ec1 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t.<\/li>\n
          4. Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng:<\/strong> S\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m n\u00ean c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng, v\u1edbi kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng x\u1eed l\u00fd l\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ho\u1eb7c nhu c\u1ea7u gia t\u0103ng theo th\u1eddi gian.<\/li>\n
          5. Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec:<\/strong> S\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1ec5 b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec, v\u1edbi t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh d\u1ec5 theo d\u00f5i cho vi\u1ec7c s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec.<\/li>\n
          6. B\u1ea3o m\u1eadt:<\/strong> S\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m n\u00ean an to\u00e0n, v\u1edbi c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tri\u1ec3n khai \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 kh\u1ecfi c\u00e1c m\u1ed1i \u0111e d\u1ecda m\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 r\u00f2 r\u1ec9 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u.<\/li>\n
          7. T\u00ednh t\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch:<\/strong>S\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m n\u00ean t\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb, ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m v\u00e0 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng kh\u00e1c nhau, nh\u1eb1m \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u00ednh d\u1ec5 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 t\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch v\u1edbi c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3.<\/li>\n
          8. T\u00ednh b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng:<\/strong>S\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u1edbi t\u00ednh b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng l\u00e0m tr\u1ecdng t\u00e2m, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p th\u00e2n thi\u1ec7n v\u1edbi m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/li>\n
          9. S\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi:<\/strong>S\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m n\u00ean mang t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi, t\u00edch h\u1ee3p c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 v\u00e0 nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf m\u1edbi nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 lu\u00f4n d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ea7u so v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed1i th\u1ee7.<\/li>\n
          10. T\u00ednh hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u1ec1 chi ph\u00ed:<\/strong>S\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u1ec1 chi ph\u00ed, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 ngu\u1ed3n l\u1ef1c v\u00e0 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u nh\u1eb1m gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u chi ph\u00ed m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

            V\u00ed d\u1ee5 v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh \u201ct\u00ednh d\u1ec5 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng\u201d<\/h3>\n
              \n
            1. T\u00ednh nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n:<\/strong>T\u00ednh d\u1ec5 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng n\u00ean nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n tr\u00ean m\u1ecdi \u0111i\u1ec3m ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac, mang l\u1ea1i tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m li\u1ec1n m\u1ea1ch cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng.<\/li>\n
            2. T\u00ednh \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n:<\/strong>T\u00ednh d\u1ec5 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng n\u00ean \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n v\u00e0 d\u1ec5 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng, y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng ph\u1ea3i n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ec3 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5.<\/li>\n
            3. T\u00ednh tr\u1ef1c quan:<\/strong>T\u00ednh d\u1ec5 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng n\u00ean tr\u1ef1c quan, v\u1edbi kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u01b0\u1edbng r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng v\u00e0 nh\u00e3n ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng, t\u00ednh n\u0103ng d\u1ec5 hi\u1ec3u.<\/li>\n
            4. T\u00ednh kh\u1ea3 d\u1ee5ng:<\/strong>T\u00ednh d\u1ec5 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng n\u00ean kh\u1ea3 d\u1ee5ng v\u1edbi m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng, b\u1ea5t k\u1ec3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng hay khuy\u1ebft t\u1eadt c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n v\u00e0 h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn kh\u1ea3 d\u1ee5ng li\u00ean quan.<\/li>\n
            5. T\u00ednh r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng:<\/strong>T\u00ednh d\u1ec5 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng n\u00ean r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef s\u00fac t\u00edch v\u00e0 d\u1ec5 hi\u1ec3u tr\u00ean to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 giao di\u1ec7n.<\/li>\n
            6. Ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i:<\/strong>T\u00ednh d\u1ec5 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng n\u00ean cung c\u1ea5p ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng, th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd v\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng v\u1ec1 c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c.<\/li>\n
            7. T\u00ednh hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3:<\/strong>T\u00ednh d\u1ec5 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng n\u00ean hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3, ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n \u00edt b\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 mong mu\u1ed1n.<\/li>\n
            8. T\u00f9y ch\u1ec9nh:<\/strong>T\u00ednh d\u1ec5 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng n\u00ean cho ph\u00e9p t\u00f9y ch\u1ec9nh, gi\u00fap ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n h\u00f3a giao di\u1ec7n theo s\u1edf th\u00edch v\u00e0 nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd.<\/li>\n
            9. T\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng:<\/strong>T\u00ednh d\u1ec5 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf l\u1ea5y ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng l\u00e0m trung t\u00e2m, t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c mang l\u1ea1i tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng t\u00edch c\u1ef1c.<\/li>\n
            10. T\u00ednh ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh:<\/strong>T\u00ednh d\u1ec5 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng n\u00ean ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh, v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng v\u00e0 t\u00ednh n\u0103ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean nhu c\u1ea7u v\u00e0 m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

              V\u00ed d\u1ee5 v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh \u201cl\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn kinh doanh\u201d<\/h3>\n
                \n
              1. Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng:<\/strong>Ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng kinh doanh, cho ph\u00e9p kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 t\u0103ng l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn theo th\u1eddi gian.<\/li>\n
              2. Hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3:<\/strong>Ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng, gi\u1ea3m chi ph\u00ed v\u00e0 t\u0103ng l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn.<\/li>\n
              3. S\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o:<\/strong>Ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac n\u00ean t\u00edch h\u1ee3p c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 v\u00e0 nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c d\u00f2ng doanh thu m\u1edbi v\u00e0 c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i kinh doanh.<\/li>\n
              4. T\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a:<\/strong>Ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac n\u00ean t\u00edch h\u1ee3p t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a \u1edf m\u1ee9c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3, gi\u1ea3m nhu c\u1ea7u can thi\u1ec7p th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng v\u00e0 t\u0103ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3.<\/li>\n
              5. Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd r\u1ee7i ro:<\/strong>Ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac n\u00ean bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd r\u1ee7i ro \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u r\u1ee7i ro ti\u1ec1m t\u00e0ng v\u00e0 h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf t\u1ed5n th\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1ea3y ra.<\/li>\n
              6. H\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ebfn kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng:<\/strong>Ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u1edbi kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng l\u00e0m trung t\u00e2m, t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c mang l\u1ea1i tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng t\u00edch c\u1ef1c, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn t\u0103ng l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn.<\/li>\n
              7. T\u00ednh linh ho\u1ea1t:<\/strong>Ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 linh ho\u1ea1t, cho ph\u00e9p thay \u0111\u1ed5i chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c kinh doanh v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/li>\n
              8. H\u1ee3p t\u00e1c:<\/strong>Ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac n\u00ean th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y s\u1ef1 h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c ph\u00f2ng ban v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9i nh\u00f3m, gi\u00fap ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n v\u00e0 t\u0103ng l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn.<\/li>\n
              9. D\u1ef1a tr\u00ean d\u1eef li\u1ec7u:<\/strong>Ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac n\u00ean d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, v\u1edbi ph\u00e2n t\u00edch d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 th\u00f4ng tin chi ti\u1ebft h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c kinh doanh.<\/li>\n
              10. \u01afu th\u1ebf c\u1ea1nh tranh:<\/strong>Ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac n\u00ean mang l\u1ea1i \u01b0u th\u1ebf c\u1ea1nh tranh cho doanh nghi\u1ec7p, gi\u00fap doanh nghi\u1ec7p ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t m\u00ecnh v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed1i th\u1ee7 v\u00e0 t\u0103ng l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                T\u00f3m t\u1eaft<\/h2>\n

                C\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n quan tr\u1ecdng trong TOGAF ADM, v\u00ec ch\u00fang cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n v\u00e0 c\u00f3 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac doanh nghi\u1ec7p, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y l\u00e0 thi\u1ebft y\u1ebfu cho th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng kinh doanh ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p hi\u1ec7n nay. C\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc doanh nghi\u1ec7p cung c\u1ea5p n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng cho vi\u1ec7c ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh tr\u00ean to\u00e0n t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c, trong khi c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 d\u00e0nh ri\u00eang cho vi\u1ec7c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac c\u1ee7a t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c.<\/p>\n

                C\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc doanh nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c l\u1eadp b\u1edfi l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o c\u1ea5p cao v\u00e0 d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean s\u1ee9 m\u1ec7nh, t\u1ea7m nh\u00ecn, gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb v\u00e0 m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ee7a t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c, trong khi c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c l\u1eadp b\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9i ng\u0169 ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac doanh nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u1ec1 c\u00e1ch thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc doanh nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 c\u00e1c m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3. C\u00f9ng nhau, c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc doanh nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac c\u1ee7a t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi s\u1ee9 m\u1ec7nh v\u00e0 m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

                C\u00e1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt TOGAF ADM \u2013 Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc Ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac Khung ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac c\u1ee7a T\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c M\u1edf (TOGAF) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t khung \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i cho ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac doanh nghi\u1ec7p (EA), cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef chung, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ec3 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf, l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 tri\u1ec3n khai h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng CNTT c\u1ee7a t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c. M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a TOGAF l\u00e0 Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p Ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n Ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac (ADM), cung c\u1ea5p quy tr\u00ecnh t\u1eebng b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac doanh nghi\u1ec7p. Trong ADM, c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac c\u1ee7a t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c. Trong b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i s\u1ebd t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt \u0111\u00f3: Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc Ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac. Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc Doanh nghi\u1ec7p l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng c\u1ea5p cao, cung c\u1ea5p n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng cho vi\u1ec7c ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh tr\u00ean to\u00e0n t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c, trong khi Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc Ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac c\u1ee7a t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c. Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc Doanh nghi\u1ec7p th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp b\u1edfi l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o c\u1ea5p cao v\u00e0 d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean s\u1ee9 m\u1ec7nh, t\u1ea7m nh\u00ecn, gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb v\u00e0 m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ee7a t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c. Ch\u00fang cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t khung \u0111\u1ec3 ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh trong t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c kinh doanh, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng m\u1ecdi quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ec1u ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau v\u00e0 m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c. Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc Ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp b\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9i ng\u0169 ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac doanh nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac c\u1ee7a t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c. Ch\u00fang cung c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u1ec1 c\u00e1ch thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng n\u00f3 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc doanh nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau v\u00e0 m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c. Trong khi c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc doanh nghi\u1ec7p cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t khung c\u1ea5p cao cho vi\u1ec7c ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh tr\u00ean to\u00e0n t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c, c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac cung c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 cho thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac c\u1ee7a t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c. C\u00f9ng nhau, ch\u00fang \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t v\u1edbi s\u1ee9 m\u1ec7nh v\u00e0 m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3, v\u00e0 m\u1ecdi quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a ra v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 v\u1ec1 m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau v\u00e0 \u01b0u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c. M\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc Ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac trong TOGAF ADM C\u00e1c Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc Ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u00e0 tri\u1ec3n khai ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac doanh nghi\u1ec7p. Ch\u00fang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp c\u00e1c quy t\u1eafc v\u00e0 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn vi\u1ec7c ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac doanh nghi\u1ec7p. Trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh TOGAF ADM (Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p Ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n Ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac), c\u00e1c Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc Ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 then ch\u1ed1t trong vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n, hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3. Trong TOGAF ADM, c\u00e1c Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc Ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n Kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m Ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac, l\u00e0 giai \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p. Trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n n\u00e0y, c\u00e1c m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau v\u00e0 m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch c\u1ee7a doanh nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh, v\u00e0 ph\u1ea1m vi n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp. Sau \u0111\u00f3, c\u00e1c Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc Ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean t\u1ea7m nh\u00ecn, m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau v\u00e0 m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch c\u1ee7a doanh nghi\u1ec7p. C\u00e1c Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc Ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t khung \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 c\u00e1c quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac trong su\u1ed1t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ADM. Ch\u00fang gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac lu\u00f4n ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau v\u00e0 m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch c\u1ee7a doanh nghi\u1ec7p, v\u00e0 ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0 b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng, linh ho\u1ea1t v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng. Ngo\u00e0i ra, c\u00e1c Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc Ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi c\u00e1c th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n ng\u00e0nh. C\u00e1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc Ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac C\u00e1c Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc Ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn c\u1ea5p cao, cung c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u00e0 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n cho vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 duy tr\u00ec ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac doanh nghi\u1ec7p. Ch\u00fang th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n s\u1edbm trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ADM v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng vi\u1ec7c ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh trong su\u1ed1t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac. D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 10 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc Ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac trong TOGAF ADM: B\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng:Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc Ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac, \u0111i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u00f5 m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc n\u00e0y. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y s\u1ebd gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng ch\u00fang ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u00e0 h\u1eefu \u00edch cho t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c. Tham gia c\u00e1c b\u00ean li\u00ean quan:C\u00e1c Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc Ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c v\u1edbi c\u00e1c b\u00ean li\u00ean quan, bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o kinh doanh, chuy\u00ean gia CNTT v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ng\u01b0\u1eddi ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh quan tr\u1ecdng kh\u00e1c. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y s\u1ebd gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau v\u00e0 m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch c\u1ee7a t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c. Gi\u1eef \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n:C\u00e1c Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc Ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac n\u00ean \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n v\u00e0 d\u1ec5 hi\u1ec3u. Ch\u00fang n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c di\u1ec5n \u0111\u1ea1t b\u1eb1ng ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n v\u00e0 tr\u00e1nh d\u00f9ng thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n. S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n:C\u00e1c Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc Ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y theo \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1ec5 \u0111\u1ecdc v\u00e0 hi\u1ec3u. \u0110\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng n\u00e0y n\u00ean bao g\u1ed3m ti\u00eau \u0111\u1ec1 ng\u1eafn, m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 ng\u1eafn g\u1ecdn v\u00e0 c\u00e1c v\u00ed d\u1ee5 ho\u1eb7c b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh li\u00ean quan. T\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o c\u00e1c l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c ch\u00ednh:C\u00e1c Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc Ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n cho c\u00e1c l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac doanh nghi\u1ec7p, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt, qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd d\u1eef li\u1ec7u ho\u1eb7c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng. Ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t:C\u00e1cTOGAF ADM: 10 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u \u2013 Ph\u1ea7n 1: Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc Ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":6752,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_yoast_wpseo_title":"","_yoast_wpseo_metadesc":"","_eb_attr":"","neve_meta_sidebar":"","neve_meta_container":"","neve_meta_enable_content_width":"","neve_meta_content_width":0,"neve_meta_title_alignment":"","neve_meta_author_avatar":"","neve_post_elements_order":"","neve_meta_disable_header":"","neve_meta_disable_footer":"","neve_meta_disable_title":"","fifu_image_url":"","fifu_image_alt":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[5,20],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-6751","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-enterprise-architecture","category-togaf"],"yoast_head":"\nTOGAF ADM: 10 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u \u2013 Ph\u1ea7n 1: Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc Ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac - Visual Paradigm Guides Vietnamese<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/guides.visual-paradigm.com\/vn\/togaf-adm-top-10-techniques-part-1-architecture-principles\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"vi_VN\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"TOGAF ADM: 10 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u \u2013 Ph\u1ea7n 1: Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc Ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac - Visual Paradigm Guides Vietnamese\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"C\u00e1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt TOGAF ADM \u2013 Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc Ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac Khung ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac c\u1ee7a T\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c M\u1edf (TOGAF) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t khung \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i cho ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac doanh nghi\u1ec7p (EA), cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef chung, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ec3 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf, l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 tri\u1ec3n khai h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng CNTT c\u1ee7a t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c. M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a TOGAF l\u00e0 Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p Ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n Ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac (ADM), cung c\u1ea5p quy tr\u00ecnh t\u1eebng b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac doanh nghi\u1ec7p. Trong ADM, c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac c\u1ee7a t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c. Trong b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i s\u1ebd t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt \u0111\u00f3: Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc Ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac. Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc Doanh nghi\u1ec7p l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng c\u1ea5p cao, cung c\u1ea5p n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng cho vi\u1ec7c ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh tr\u00ean to\u00e0n t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c, trong khi Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc Ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac c\u1ee7a t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c. Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc Doanh nghi\u1ec7p th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp b\u1edfi l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o c\u1ea5p cao v\u00e0 d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean s\u1ee9 m\u1ec7nh, t\u1ea7m nh\u00ecn, gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb v\u00e0 m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ee7a t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c. Ch\u00fang cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t khung \u0111\u1ec3 ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh trong t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c kinh doanh, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng m\u1ecdi quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ec1u ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau v\u00e0 m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c. Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc Ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp b\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9i ng\u0169 ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac doanh nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac c\u1ee7a t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c. Ch\u00fang cung c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u1ec1 c\u00e1ch thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng n\u00f3 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc doanh nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau v\u00e0 m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c. Trong khi c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc doanh nghi\u1ec7p cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t khung c\u1ea5p cao cho vi\u1ec7c ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh tr\u00ean to\u00e0n t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c, c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac cung c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 cho thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac c\u1ee7a t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c. C\u00f9ng nhau, ch\u00fang \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t v\u1edbi s\u1ee9 m\u1ec7nh v\u00e0 m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3, v\u00e0 m\u1ecdi quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a ra v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 v\u1ec1 m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau v\u00e0 \u01b0u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c. M\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc Ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac trong TOGAF ADM C\u00e1c Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc Ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u00e0 tri\u1ec3n khai ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac doanh nghi\u1ec7p. Ch\u00fang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp c\u00e1c quy t\u1eafc v\u00e0 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn vi\u1ec7c ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac doanh nghi\u1ec7p. Trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh TOGAF ADM (Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p Ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n Ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac), c\u00e1c Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc Ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 then ch\u1ed1t trong vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n, hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3. Trong TOGAF ADM, c\u00e1c Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc Ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n Kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m Ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac, l\u00e0 giai \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p. Trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n n\u00e0y, c\u00e1c m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau v\u00e0 m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch c\u1ee7a doanh nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh, v\u00e0 ph\u1ea1m vi n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp. Sau \u0111\u00f3, c\u00e1c Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc Ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean t\u1ea7m nh\u00ecn, m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau v\u00e0 m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch c\u1ee7a doanh nghi\u1ec7p. C\u00e1c Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc Ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t khung \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 c\u00e1c quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac trong su\u1ed1t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ADM. Ch\u00fang gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac lu\u00f4n ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau v\u00e0 m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch c\u1ee7a doanh nghi\u1ec7p, v\u00e0 ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0 b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng, linh ho\u1ea1t v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng. Ngo\u00e0i ra, c\u00e1c Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc Ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi c\u00e1c th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n ng\u00e0nh. C\u00e1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc Ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac C\u00e1c Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc Ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn c\u1ea5p cao, cung c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u00e0 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n cho vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 duy tr\u00ec ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac doanh nghi\u1ec7p. Ch\u00fang th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n s\u1edbm trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ADM v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng vi\u1ec7c ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh trong su\u1ed1t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac. D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 10 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc Ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac trong TOGAF ADM: B\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng:Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc Ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac, \u0111i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u00f5 m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc n\u00e0y. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y s\u1ebd gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng ch\u00fang ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u00e0 h\u1eefu \u00edch cho t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c. Tham gia c\u00e1c b\u00ean li\u00ean quan:C\u00e1c Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc Ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c v\u1edbi c\u00e1c b\u00ean li\u00ean quan, bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o kinh doanh, chuy\u00ean gia CNTT v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ng\u01b0\u1eddi ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh quan tr\u1ecdng kh\u00e1c. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y s\u1ebd gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau v\u00e0 m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch c\u1ee7a t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c. Gi\u1eef \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n:C\u00e1c Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc Ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac n\u00ean \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n v\u00e0 d\u1ec5 hi\u1ec3u. Ch\u00fang n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c di\u1ec5n \u0111\u1ea1t b\u1eb1ng ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n v\u00e0 tr\u00e1nh d\u00f9ng thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n. S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n:C\u00e1c Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc Ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y theo \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1ec5 \u0111\u1ecdc v\u00e0 hi\u1ec3u. \u0110\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng n\u00e0y n\u00ean bao g\u1ed3m ti\u00eau \u0111\u1ec1 ng\u1eafn, m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 ng\u1eafn g\u1ecdn v\u00e0 c\u00e1c v\u00ed d\u1ee5 ho\u1eb7c b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh li\u00ean quan. T\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o c\u00e1c l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c ch\u00ednh:C\u00e1c Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc Ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n cho c\u00e1c l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac doanh nghi\u1ec7p, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt, qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd d\u1eef li\u1ec7u ho\u1eb7c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng. 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Visual Paradigm Guides Vietnamese","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/guides.visual-paradigm.com\/vn\/togaf-adm-top-10-techniques-part-1-architecture-principles\/","og_locale":"vi_VN","og_type":"article","og_title":"TOGAF ADM: 10 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u \u2013 Ph\u1ea7n 1: Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc Ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac - Visual Paradigm Guides Vietnamese","og_description":"C\u00e1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt TOGAF ADM \u2013 Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc Ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac Khung ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac c\u1ee7a T\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c M\u1edf (TOGAF) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t khung \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i cho ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac doanh nghi\u1ec7p (EA), cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef chung, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ec3 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf, l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 tri\u1ec3n khai h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng CNTT c\u1ee7a t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c. M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a TOGAF l\u00e0 Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p Ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n Ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac (ADM), cung c\u1ea5p quy tr\u00ecnh t\u1eebng b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac doanh nghi\u1ec7p. Trong ADM, c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac c\u1ee7a t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c. Trong b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i s\u1ebd t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt \u0111\u00f3: Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc Ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac. Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc Doanh nghi\u1ec7p l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng c\u1ea5p cao, cung c\u1ea5p n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng cho vi\u1ec7c ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh tr\u00ean to\u00e0n t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c, trong khi Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc Ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac c\u1ee7a t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c. Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc Doanh nghi\u1ec7p th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp b\u1edfi l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o c\u1ea5p cao v\u00e0 d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean s\u1ee9 m\u1ec7nh, t\u1ea7m nh\u00ecn, gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb v\u00e0 m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ee7a t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c. Ch\u00fang cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t khung \u0111\u1ec3 ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh trong t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c kinh doanh, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng m\u1ecdi quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ec1u ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau v\u00e0 m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c. Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc Ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp b\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9i ng\u0169 ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac doanh nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac c\u1ee7a t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c. Ch\u00fang cung c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u1ec1 c\u00e1ch thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng n\u00f3 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc doanh nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau v\u00e0 m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c. Trong khi c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc doanh nghi\u1ec7p cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t khung c\u1ea5p cao cho vi\u1ec7c ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh tr\u00ean to\u00e0n t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c, c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac cung c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 cho thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac c\u1ee7a t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c. C\u00f9ng nhau, ch\u00fang \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t v\u1edbi s\u1ee9 m\u1ec7nh v\u00e0 m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3, v\u00e0 m\u1ecdi quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a ra v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 v\u1ec1 m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau v\u00e0 \u01b0u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c. M\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc Ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac trong TOGAF ADM C\u00e1c Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc Ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u00e0 tri\u1ec3n khai ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac doanh nghi\u1ec7p. Ch\u00fang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp c\u00e1c quy t\u1eafc v\u00e0 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn vi\u1ec7c ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac doanh nghi\u1ec7p. Trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh TOGAF ADM (Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p Ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n Ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac), c\u00e1c Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc Ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 then ch\u1ed1t trong vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n, hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3. Trong TOGAF ADM, c\u00e1c Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc Ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n Kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m Ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac, l\u00e0 giai \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p. Trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n n\u00e0y, c\u00e1c m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau v\u00e0 m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch c\u1ee7a doanh nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh, v\u00e0 ph\u1ea1m vi n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp. Sau \u0111\u00f3, c\u00e1c Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc Ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean t\u1ea7m nh\u00ecn, m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau v\u00e0 m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch c\u1ee7a doanh nghi\u1ec7p. C\u00e1c Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc Ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t khung \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 c\u00e1c quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac trong su\u1ed1t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ADM. Ch\u00fang gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac lu\u00f4n ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau v\u00e0 m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch c\u1ee7a doanh nghi\u1ec7p, v\u00e0 ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0 b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng, linh ho\u1ea1t v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng. Ngo\u00e0i ra, c\u00e1c Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc Ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi c\u00e1c th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n ng\u00e0nh. C\u00e1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc Ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac C\u00e1c Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc Ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn c\u1ea5p cao, cung c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u00e0 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n cho vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 duy tr\u00ec ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac doanh nghi\u1ec7p. Ch\u00fang th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n s\u1edbm trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ADM v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng vi\u1ec7c ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh trong su\u1ed1t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac. D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 10 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc Ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac trong TOGAF ADM: B\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng:Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc Ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac, \u0111i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u00f5 m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc n\u00e0y. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y s\u1ebd gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng ch\u00fang ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u00e0 h\u1eefu \u00edch cho t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c. Tham gia c\u00e1c b\u00ean li\u00ean quan:C\u00e1c Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc Ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c v\u1edbi c\u00e1c b\u00ean li\u00ean quan, bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o kinh doanh, chuy\u00ean gia CNTT v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ng\u01b0\u1eddi ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh quan tr\u1ecdng kh\u00e1c. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y s\u1ebd gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau v\u00e0 m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch c\u1ee7a t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c. Gi\u1eef \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n:C\u00e1c Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc Ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac n\u00ean \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n v\u00e0 d\u1ec5 hi\u1ec3u. Ch\u00fang n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c di\u1ec5n \u0111\u1ea1t b\u1eb1ng ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n v\u00e0 tr\u00e1nh d\u00f9ng thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n. S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n:C\u00e1c Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc Ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y theo \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1ec5 \u0111\u1ecdc v\u00e0 hi\u1ec3u. \u0110\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng n\u00e0y n\u00ean bao g\u1ed3m ti\u00eau \u0111\u1ec1 ng\u1eafn, m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 ng\u1eafn g\u1ecdn v\u00e0 c\u00e1c v\u00ed d\u1ee5 ho\u1eb7c b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh li\u00ean quan. T\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o c\u00e1c l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c ch\u00ednh:C\u00e1c Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc Ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n cho c\u00e1c l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac doanh nghi\u1ec7p, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt, qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd d\u1eef li\u1ec7u ho\u1eb7c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng. 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