![\"\"](\"https:\/\/guides.visual-paradigm.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/img_64105852b1eca.png\")
<\/p>\n
H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn t\u1eebng b\u01b0\u1edbc x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3:<\/h2>\n\n- \u0110\u1ecdc k\u1ef9 tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u00e0 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c danh t\u1eeb ho\u1eb7c c\u1ee5m danh t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng ho\u1eb7c kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m. Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p n\u00e0y, c\u00e1c danh t\u1eeb ho\u1eb7c c\u1ee5m danh t\u1eeb bao g\u1ed3m \u201cb\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n\u201d, \u201ch\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng h\u1ed3 s\u01a1 s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed\u201d, \u201cth\u00f4ng tin b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n\u201d, \u201ch\u1ed3 s\u01a1 y t\u1ebf\u201d v\u00e0 \u201ch\u00f3a \u0111\u01a1n\u201d.<\/li>\n
- Xem x\u00e9t m\u1ed7i danh t\u1eeb ho\u1eb7c c\u1ee5m danh t\u1eeb nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng v\u00e0 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh xem n\u00f3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng ho\u1eb7c kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t trong mi\u1ec1n v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 hay kh\u00f4ng. Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p n\u00e0y, m\u1ed7i danh t\u1eeb ho\u1eb7c c\u1ee5m danh t\u1eeb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng ho\u1eb7c kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd.<\/li>\n
- X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c thu\u1ed9c t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3. Thu\u1ed9c t\u00ednh l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m ho\u1eb7c t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 \u201cb\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n\u201d c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 c\u00e1c thu\u1ed9c t\u00ednh nh\u01b0 t\u00ean, \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u00e0 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc. Th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 \u201cth\u00f4ng tin b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n\u201d c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 c\u00e1c thu\u1ed9c t\u00ednh nh\u01b0 t\u00ean, ng\u00e0y sinh v\u00e0 th\u00f4ng tin li\u00ean h\u1ec7. Th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 \u201ch\u1ed3 s\u01a1 y t\u1ebf\u201d c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 c\u00e1c thu\u1ed9c t\u00ednh nh\u01b0 ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n, k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb v\u00e0 ti\u1ec1n s\u1eed thu\u1ed1c.<\/li>\n
- X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3. M\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 l\u00e0 c\u00e1c k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i ho\u1eb7c li\u00ean k\u1ebft gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 \u201cth\u00f4ng tin b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n\u201d c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 v\u1edbi th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 \u201ch\u1ed3 s\u01a1 y t\u1ebf\u201d, v\u00ec h\u1ed3 s\u01a1 y t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c li\u00ean k\u1ebft v\u1edbi th\u00f4ng tin c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd.<\/li>\n
- Tinh ch\u1ec9nh c\u00e1c th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 v\u00e0 m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i t\u1eeb c\u00e1c chuy\u00ean gia l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c v\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u00ean li\u00ean quan, v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 ER t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch tu\u00e2n theo h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn t\u1eebng b\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y, b\u1ea1n n\u00ean c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 v\u00e0 m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 ER ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng h\u1ed3 s\u01a1 s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n
Ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 ER logic cho c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u<\/h2>\n
Gi\u1ea3 s\u1eed r\u1eb1ng b\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n c\u1ea7n l\u01b0u tr\u1eef v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd th\u00f4ng tin nh\u00e2n kh\u1ea9u h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n, h\u1ed3 s\u01a1 y t\u1ebf, k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n, \u0111\u01a1n thu\u1ed1c v\u00e0 th\u00f4ng tin h\u00f3a \u0111\u01a1n, c\u00e1c th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 v\u00e0 m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 sau \u0111\u00e2y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n trong s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 ER logic:<\/p>\n
C\u00e1c th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n- B\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n:<\/strong>l\u01b0u tr\u1eef th\u00f4ng tin nh\u00e2n kh\u1ea9u h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n nh\u01b0 t\u00ean, ng\u00e0y sinh, gi\u1edbi t\u00ednh, th\u00f4ng tin li\u00ean h\u1ec7, v.v.<\/li>\n
- H\u1ed3 s\u01a1 y t\u1ebf:<\/strong>l\u01b0u tr\u1eef h\u1ed3 s\u01a1 y t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng y khoa, d\u1ecb \u1ee9ng, ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb.<\/li>\n
- K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n:<\/strong>l\u01b0u tr\u1eef k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u00e1c x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n cho b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n nh\u01b0 x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m m\u00e1u, X-quang, MRI, v.v.<\/li>\n
- Thu\u1ed1c:<\/strong>l\u01b0u tr\u1eef th\u00f4ng tin v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i thu\u1ed1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u00ea \u0111\u01a1n cho b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n nh\u01b0 t\u00ean thu\u1ed1c, li\u1ec1u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, t\u1ea7n su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 th\u1eddi gian s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng.<\/li>\n
- H\u00f3a \u0111\u01a1n:<\/strong>l\u01b0u tr\u1eef th\u00f4ng tin v\u1ec1 chi ph\u00ed c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3n thanh to\u00e1n do b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n ho\u1eb7c c\u00f4ng ty b\u1ea3o hi\u1ec3m th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
Quan h\u1ec7:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n- M\u1ed9t b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u h\u1ed3 s\u01a1 y t\u1ebf, k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111\u01a1n thu\u1ed1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u00ea \u0111\u01a1n. Do \u0111\u00f3, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 m\u1ed9t-\u0111a gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 B\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n, H\u1ed3 s\u01a1 y t\u1ebf, K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n v\u00e0 Thu\u1ed1c.<\/li>\n
- K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n duy nh\u1ea5t. Do \u0111\u00f3, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 m\u1ed9t-\u0111a gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 B\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n.<\/li>\n
- M\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i thu\u1ed1c ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u00ea \u0111\u01a1n cho m\u1ed9t b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n duy nh\u1ea5t. Do \u0111\u00f3, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 m\u1ed9t-\u0111a gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 B\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 Thu\u1ed1c.<\/li>\n
- M\u1ed9t b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u h\u1ed3 s\u01a1 thanh to\u00e1n. Do \u0111\u00f3, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 m\u1ed9t-\u0111a gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 B\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 Thanh to\u00e1n.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
L\u01b0u \u00fd r\u1eb1ng \u0111\u00e2y ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 ERD logic kh\u1ea3 thi, v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng h\u1ed3 s\u01a1 s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n.<\/p>\n
T\u1ea1o s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 ERD logic<\/h3>\n
![\"Hospital](\"https:\/\/guides.visual-paradigm.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/hospital-system-logical-erd.png\")
<\/p>\n
Tinh ch\u1ec9nh s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 ERD logic th\u00e0nh s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 ERD v\u1eadt l\u00fd<\/h2>\n
\u0110\u1ec3 tinh ch\u1ec9nh s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 ERD logic th\u00e0nh s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 ERD v\u1eadt l\u00fd, ch\u00fang ta c\u1ea7n th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i tr\u00ean s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 ERD \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh c\u00e1ch d\u1eef li\u1ec7u s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u01b0u tr\u1eef th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf trong c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u. D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u1ea3 thi m\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n:<\/p>\n
\n- X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh kh\u00f3a ch\u00ednh: M\u1ed7i th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 trong s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 ERD c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 kh\u00f3a ch\u00ednh \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh duy nh\u1ea5t m\u1ed7i b\u1ea3n ghi trong b\u1ea3ng. Ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 ERD logic \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh kh\u00f3a ch\u00ednh cho t\u1eebng th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng k\u00fd hi\u1ec7u
<<PK>><\/code> k\u00fd hi\u1ec7u.<\/li>\n- X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ki\u1ec3u d\u1eef li\u1ec7u: M\u1ed7i thu\u1ed9c t\u00ednh trong s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 ERD c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 ki\u1ec3u d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9 ra lo\u1ea1i d\u1eef li\u1ec7u s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u01b0u tr\u1eef trong c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u. Ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 ERD logic \u0111\u1ec3 bao g\u1ed3m ki\u1ec3u d\u1eef li\u1ec7u cho t\u1eebng thu\u1ed9c t\u00ednh.<\/li>\n
- X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7: Ch\u00fang ta c\u1ea7n s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 ERD logic \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng kh\u00f3a ngo\u1ea1i.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
T\u1ea1o s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 ERD v\u1eadt l\u00fd<\/h3>\n
![\"Hospital](\"https:\/\/guides.visual-paradigm.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/hospital-system-physical-erd.png\")
<\/p>\n
T\u00f3m t\u1eaft<\/h2>\n
B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00eau r\u00f5 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 m\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n \u0111ang \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t khi v\u1eabn d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng gi\u1ea5y t\u1edd \u0111\u1ec3 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd th\u00f4ng tin b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n, h\u1ed3 s\u01a1 y t\u1ebf v\u00e0 thanh to\u00e1n. \u0110\u1ec3 n\u00e2ng cao hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c trong ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng, b\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n c\u00f3 \u00fd \u0111\u1ecbnh x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng h\u1ed3 s\u01a1 s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed (EHR).<\/p>\n
B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft y\u1ebfu c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 ER ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng EHR c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n. N\u00f3 cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t m\u1eabu s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 ERD logic bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u01b0 B\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n, H\u1ed3 s\u01a1 y t\u1ebf, K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n, Thu\u1ed1c v\u00e0 Thanh to\u00e1n, c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c thu\u1ed9c t\u00ednh v\u00e0 m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang.<\/p>\n
B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft c\u0169ng th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 tinh ch\u1ec9nh s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 ERD logic th\u00e0nh s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 ERD v\u1eadt l\u00fd, bao g\u1ed3m vi\u1ec7c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh kh\u00f3a ch\u00ednh, ki\u1ec3u d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1: H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng b\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n Hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i, b\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n \u0111ang d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng gi\u1ea5y t\u1edd \u0111\u1ec3 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd th\u00f4ng tin b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n, h\u1ed3 s\u01a1 y t\u1ebf v\u00e0 h\u00f3a \u0111\u01a1n. H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean gi\u1ea5y t\u1edd n\u00e0y c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf, bao g\u1ed3m kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n trong vi\u1ec7c truy c\u1eadp th\u00f4ng tin b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch k\u1ecbp th\u1eddi, nguy c\u01a1 m\u1ea5t d\u1eef li\u1ec7u ho\u1eb7c th\u1ea5t l\u1ea1c t\u0103ng cao, v\u00e0 sai s\u00f3t trong vi\u1ec7c l\u1eadp h\u00f3a \u0111\u01a1n v\u00e0 l\u01b0u tr\u1eef h\u1ed3 s\u01a1 y t\u1ebf. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0, b\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n \u0111\u00e3 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng h\u1ed3 s\u01a1 s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c trong ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng h\u1ed3 s\u01a1 s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed m\u1edbi c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng l\u01b0u tr\u1eef v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd th\u00f4ng tin nh\u00e2n kh\u1ea9u h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n, h\u1ed3 s\u01a1 y t\u1ebf, k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n, \u0111\u01a1n thu\u1ed1c v\u00e0 th\u00f4ng tin h\u00f3a \u0111\u01a1n. H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u0169ng c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u1ea1o b\u00e1o c\u00e1o v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch v\u1ec1 ch\u0103m s\u00f3c b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n, bao g\u1ed3m k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n. B\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u ph\u00f2ng ban c\u1ea7n truy c\u1eadp v\u00e0o h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng h\u1ed3 s\u01a1 s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed, bao g\u1ed3m nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean y t\u00e1, b\u00e1c s\u0129, nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean ph\u00f2ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m v\u00e0 b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn h\u00f3a \u0111\u01a1n. H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o m\u1ed7i ph\u00f2ng ban c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 truy c\u1eadp th\u00f4ng tin c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft trong khi duy tr\u00ec t\u00ednh b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt v\u00e0 ri\u00eang t\u01b0 c\u1ee7a th\u00f4ng tin b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n. B\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng h\u1ed3 s\u01a1 s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed. Nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c n\u00e0y bao g\u1ed3m \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c v\u00e0 t\u00ednh nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n c\u1ee7a d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n l\u1edbn, t\u00edch h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng b\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3, v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o an to\u00e0n v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt th\u00f4ng tin b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n. B\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1eb7t th\u1eddi h\u1ea1n s\u00e1u th\u00e1ng cho vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 tri\u1ec3n khai h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng h\u1ed3 s\u01a1 s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed. H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 linh ho\u1ea1t th\u00edch \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i trong ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai. (* \u1ea2nh ch\u1ee5p m\u00e0n h\u00ecnh giao di\u1ec7n v\u00ed d\u1ee5 ERD c\u1ee7a Visual Paradigm) H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn t\u1eebng b\u01b0\u1edbc x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3: \u0110\u1ecdc k\u1ef9 tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u00e0 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c danh t\u1eeb ho\u1eb7c c\u1ee5m danh t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng ho\u1eb7c kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m. Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p n\u00e0y, c\u00e1c danh t\u1eeb ho\u1eb7c c\u1ee5m danh t\u1eeb bao g\u1ed3m \u201cb\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n\u201d, \u201ch\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng h\u1ed3 s\u01a1 s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed\u201d, \u201cth\u00f4ng tin b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n\u201d, \u201ch\u1ed3 s\u01a1 y t\u1ebf\u201d v\u00e0 \u201ch\u00f3a \u0111\u01a1n\u201d. Xem x\u00e9t m\u1ed7i danh t\u1eeb ho\u1eb7c c\u1ee5m danh t\u1eeb nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng v\u00e0 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh xem n\u00f3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng ho\u1eb7c kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t trong mi\u1ec1n v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 hay kh\u00f4ng. Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p n\u00e0y, m\u1ed7i danh t\u1eeb ho\u1eb7c c\u1ee5m danh t\u1eeb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng ho\u1eb7c kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd. X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c thu\u1ed9c t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3. Thu\u1ed9c t\u00ednh l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m ho\u1eb7c t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 \u201cb\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n\u201d c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 c\u00e1c thu\u1ed9c t\u00ednh nh\u01b0 t\u00ean, \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u00e0 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc. Th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 \u201cth\u00f4ng tin b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n\u201d c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 c\u00e1c thu\u1ed9c t\u00ednh nh\u01b0 t\u00ean, ng\u00e0y sinh v\u00e0 th\u00f4ng tin li\u00ean h\u1ec7. Th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 \u201ch\u1ed3 s\u01a1 y t\u1ebf\u201d c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 c\u00e1c thu\u1ed9c t\u00ednh nh\u01b0 ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n, k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb v\u00e0 ti\u1ec1n s\u1eed thu\u1ed1c. X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3. M\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 l\u00e0 c\u00e1c k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i ho\u1eb7c li\u00ean k\u1ebft gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 \u201cth\u00f4ng tin b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n\u201d c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 v\u1edbi th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 \u201ch\u1ed3 s\u01a1 y t\u1ebf\u201d, v\u00ec h\u1ed3 s\u01a1 y t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c li\u00ean k\u1ebft v\u1edbi th\u00f4ng tin c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. Tinh ch\u1ec9nh c\u00e1c th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 v\u00e0 m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i t\u1eeb c\u00e1c chuy\u00ean gia l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c v\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u00ean li\u00ean quan, v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 ER t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch tu\u00e2n theo h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn t\u1eebng b\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y, b\u1ea1n n\u00ean c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 v\u00e0 m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 ER ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng h\u1ed3 s\u01a1 s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n. Ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 ER logic cho c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u Gi\u1ea3 s\u1eed r\u1eb1ng b\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n c\u1ea7n l\u01b0u tr\u1eef v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd th\u00f4ng tin nh\u00e2n kh\u1ea9u h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n, h\u1ed3 s\u01a1 y t\u1ebf, k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n, \u0111\u01a1n thu\u1ed1c v\u00e0 th\u00f4ng tin h\u00f3a \u0111\u01a1n, c\u00e1c th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 v\u00e0 m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 sau \u0111\u00e2y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n trong s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 ER logic: C\u00e1c th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3: B\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n:l\u01b0u tr\u1eef th\u00f4ng tin nh\u00e2n kh\u1ea9u h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n nh\u01b0 t\u00ean, ng\u00e0y sinh, gi\u1edbi t\u00ednh, th\u00f4ng tin li\u00ean h\u1ec7, v.v. H\u1ed3 s\u01a1 y t\u1ebf:l\u01b0u tr\u1eef h\u1ed3 s\u01a1 y t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng y khoa, d\u1ecb \u1ee9ng, ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n:l\u01b0u tr\u1eef k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u00e1c x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n cho b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n nh\u01b0 x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m m\u00e1u, X-quang, MRI, v.v. Thu\u1ed1c:l\u01b0u tr\u1eef th\u00f4ng tin v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i thu\u1ed1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u00ea \u0111\u01a1n cho b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n nh\u01b0 t\u00ean thu\u1ed1c, li\u1ec1u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, t\u1ea7n su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 th\u1eddi gian s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng. H\u00f3a \u0111\u01a1n:l\u01b0u tr\u1eef th\u00f4ng tin v\u1ec1 chi ph\u00ed c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3n thanh to\u00e1n do b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n ho\u1eb7c c\u00f4ng ty b\u1ea3o hi\u1ec3m th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n. Quan h\u1ec7: M\u1ed9t b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u h\u1ed3 s\u01a1 y t\u1ebf, k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1nTh\u00e0nh th\u1ea1o m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u00f3a ER: H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn t\u1eebng b\u01b0\u1edbc v\u1edbi c\u00e1c v\u00ed d\u1ee5 th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf (Ph\u1ea7n 3 trong 5)<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":6804,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_yoast_wpseo_title":"","_yoast_wpseo_metadesc":"","_eb_attr":"","neve_meta_sidebar":"","neve_meta_container":"","neve_meta_enable_content_width":"","neve_meta_content_width":0,"neve_meta_title_alignment":"","neve_meta_author_avatar":"","neve_post_elements_order":"","neve_meta_disable_header":"","neve_meta_disable_footer":"","neve_meta_disable_title":"","fifu_image_url":"","fifu_image_alt":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[17,1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-6803","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-data-modeling-database","category-uncategorized"],"yoast_head":"\nTh\u00e0nh th\u1ea1o m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u00f3a ER: H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn t\u1eebng b\u01b0\u1edbc v\u1edbi c\u00e1c v\u00ed d\u1ee5 th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf (Ph\u1ea7n 3 trong 5) - Visual Paradigm Guides Vietnamese<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/guides.visual-paradigm.com\/vn\/mastering-er-modeling-a-step-by-step-guide-with-real-world-examples-part-3-of-5\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"vi_VN\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Th\u00e0nh th\u1ea1o m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u00f3a ER: H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn t\u1eebng b\u01b0\u1edbc v\u1edbi c\u00e1c v\u00ed d\u1ee5 th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf (Ph\u1ea7n 3 trong 5) - Visual Paradigm Guides Vietnamese\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1: H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng b\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n Hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i, b\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n \u0111ang d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng gi\u1ea5y t\u1edd \u0111\u1ec3 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd th\u00f4ng tin b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n, h\u1ed3 s\u01a1 y t\u1ebf v\u00e0 h\u00f3a \u0111\u01a1n. H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean gi\u1ea5y t\u1edd n\u00e0y c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf, bao g\u1ed3m kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n trong vi\u1ec7c truy c\u1eadp th\u00f4ng tin b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch k\u1ecbp th\u1eddi, nguy c\u01a1 m\u1ea5t d\u1eef li\u1ec7u ho\u1eb7c th\u1ea5t l\u1ea1c t\u0103ng cao, v\u00e0 sai s\u00f3t trong vi\u1ec7c l\u1eadp h\u00f3a \u0111\u01a1n v\u00e0 l\u01b0u tr\u1eef h\u1ed3 s\u01a1 y t\u1ebf. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0, b\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n \u0111\u00e3 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng h\u1ed3 s\u01a1 s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c trong ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng h\u1ed3 s\u01a1 s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed m\u1edbi c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng l\u01b0u tr\u1eef v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd th\u00f4ng tin nh\u00e2n kh\u1ea9u h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n, h\u1ed3 s\u01a1 y t\u1ebf, k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n, \u0111\u01a1n thu\u1ed1c v\u00e0 th\u00f4ng tin h\u00f3a \u0111\u01a1n. H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u0169ng c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u1ea1o b\u00e1o c\u00e1o v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch v\u1ec1 ch\u0103m s\u00f3c b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n, bao g\u1ed3m k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n. B\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u ph\u00f2ng ban c\u1ea7n truy c\u1eadp v\u00e0o h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng h\u1ed3 s\u01a1 s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed, bao g\u1ed3m nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean y t\u00e1, b\u00e1c s\u0129, nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean ph\u00f2ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m v\u00e0 b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn h\u00f3a \u0111\u01a1n. H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o m\u1ed7i ph\u00f2ng ban c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 truy c\u1eadp th\u00f4ng tin c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft trong khi duy tr\u00ec t\u00ednh b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt v\u00e0 ri\u00eang t\u01b0 c\u1ee7a th\u00f4ng tin b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n. B\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng h\u1ed3 s\u01a1 s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed. Nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c n\u00e0y bao g\u1ed3m \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c v\u00e0 t\u00ednh nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n c\u1ee7a d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n l\u1edbn, t\u00edch h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng b\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3, v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o an to\u00e0n v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt th\u00f4ng tin b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n. B\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1eb7t th\u1eddi h\u1ea1n s\u00e1u th\u00e1ng cho vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 tri\u1ec3n khai h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng h\u1ed3 s\u01a1 s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed. H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 linh ho\u1ea1t th\u00edch \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i trong ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai. (* \u1ea2nh ch\u1ee5p m\u00e0n h\u00ecnh giao di\u1ec7n v\u00ed d\u1ee5 ERD c\u1ee7a Visual Paradigm) H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn t\u1eebng b\u01b0\u1edbc x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3: \u0110\u1ecdc k\u1ef9 tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u00e0 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c danh t\u1eeb ho\u1eb7c c\u1ee5m danh t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng ho\u1eb7c kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m. Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p n\u00e0y, c\u00e1c danh t\u1eeb ho\u1eb7c c\u1ee5m danh t\u1eeb bao g\u1ed3m \u201cb\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n\u201d, \u201ch\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng h\u1ed3 s\u01a1 s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed\u201d, \u201cth\u00f4ng tin b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n\u201d, \u201ch\u1ed3 s\u01a1 y t\u1ebf\u201d v\u00e0 \u201ch\u00f3a \u0111\u01a1n\u201d. Xem x\u00e9t m\u1ed7i danh t\u1eeb ho\u1eb7c c\u1ee5m danh t\u1eeb nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng v\u00e0 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh xem n\u00f3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng ho\u1eb7c kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t trong mi\u1ec1n v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 hay kh\u00f4ng. Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p n\u00e0y, m\u1ed7i danh t\u1eeb ho\u1eb7c c\u1ee5m danh t\u1eeb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng ho\u1eb7c kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd. X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c thu\u1ed9c t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3. Thu\u1ed9c t\u00ednh l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m ho\u1eb7c t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 \u201cb\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n\u201d c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 c\u00e1c thu\u1ed9c t\u00ednh nh\u01b0 t\u00ean, \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u00e0 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc. Th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 \u201cth\u00f4ng tin b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n\u201d c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 c\u00e1c thu\u1ed9c t\u00ednh nh\u01b0 t\u00ean, ng\u00e0y sinh v\u00e0 th\u00f4ng tin li\u00ean h\u1ec7. Th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 \u201ch\u1ed3 s\u01a1 y t\u1ebf\u201d c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 c\u00e1c thu\u1ed9c t\u00ednh nh\u01b0 ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n, k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb v\u00e0 ti\u1ec1n s\u1eed thu\u1ed1c. X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3. M\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 l\u00e0 c\u00e1c k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i ho\u1eb7c li\u00ean k\u1ebft gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 \u201cth\u00f4ng tin b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n\u201d c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 v\u1edbi th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 \u201ch\u1ed3 s\u01a1 y t\u1ebf\u201d, v\u00ec h\u1ed3 s\u01a1 y t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c li\u00ean k\u1ebft v\u1edbi th\u00f4ng tin c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. Tinh ch\u1ec9nh c\u00e1c th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 v\u00e0 m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i t\u1eeb c\u00e1c chuy\u00ean gia l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c v\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u00ean li\u00ean quan, v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 ER t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch tu\u00e2n theo h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn t\u1eebng b\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y, b\u1ea1n n\u00ean c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 v\u00e0 m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 ER ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng h\u1ed3 s\u01a1 s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n. Ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 ER logic cho c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u Gi\u1ea3 s\u1eed r\u1eb1ng b\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n c\u1ea7n l\u01b0u tr\u1eef v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd th\u00f4ng tin nh\u00e2n kh\u1ea9u h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n, h\u1ed3 s\u01a1 y t\u1ebf, k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n, \u0111\u01a1n thu\u1ed1c v\u00e0 th\u00f4ng tin h\u00f3a \u0111\u01a1n, c\u00e1c th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 v\u00e0 m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 sau \u0111\u00e2y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n trong s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 ER logic: C\u00e1c th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3: B\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n:l\u01b0u tr\u1eef th\u00f4ng tin nh\u00e2n kh\u1ea9u h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n nh\u01b0 t\u00ean, ng\u00e0y sinh, gi\u1edbi t\u00ednh, th\u00f4ng tin li\u00ean h\u1ec7, v.v. H\u1ed3 s\u01a1 y t\u1ebf:l\u01b0u tr\u1eef h\u1ed3 s\u01a1 y t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng y khoa, d\u1ecb \u1ee9ng, ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n:l\u01b0u tr\u1eef k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u00e1c x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n cho b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n nh\u01b0 x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m m\u00e1u, X-quang, MRI, v.v. Thu\u1ed1c:l\u01b0u tr\u1eef th\u00f4ng tin v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i thu\u1ed1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u00ea \u0111\u01a1n cho b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n nh\u01b0 t\u00ean thu\u1ed1c, li\u1ec1u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, t\u1ea7n su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 th\u1eddi gian s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng. H\u00f3a \u0111\u01a1n:l\u01b0u tr\u1eef th\u00f4ng tin v\u1ec1 chi ph\u00ed c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3n thanh to\u00e1n do b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n ho\u1eb7c c\u00f4ng ty b\u1ea3o hi\u1ec3m th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n. 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H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean gi\u1ea5y t\u1edd n\u00e0y c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf, bao g\u1ed3m kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n trong vi\u1ec7c truy c\u1eadp th\u00f4ng tin b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch k\u1ecbp th\u1eddi, nguy c\u01a1 m\u1ea5t d\u1eef li\u1ec7u ho\u1eb7c th\u1ea5t l\u1ea1c t\u0103ng cao, v\u00e0 sai s\u00f3t trong vi\u1ec7c l\u1eadp h\u00f3a \u0111\u01a1n v\u00e0 l\u01b0u tr\u1eef h\u1ed3 s\u01a1 y t\u1ebf. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0, b\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n \u0111\u00e3 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng h\u1ed3 s\u01a1 s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c trong ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng h\u1ed3 s\u01a1 s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed m\u1edbi c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng l\u01b0u tr\u1eef v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd th\u00f4ng tin nh\u00e2n kh\u1ea9u h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n, h\u1ed3 s\u01a1 y t\u1ebf, k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n, \u0111\u01a1n thu\u1ed1c v\u00e0 th\u00f4ng tin h\u00f3a \u0111\u01a1n. H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u0169ng c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u1ea1o b\u00e1o c\u00e1o v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch v\u1ec1 ch\u0103m s\u00f3c b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n, bao g\u1ed3m k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n. B\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u ph\u00f2ng ban c\u1ea7n truy c\u1eadp v\u00e0o h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng h\u1ed3 s\u01a1 s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed, bao g\u1ed3m nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean y t\u00e1, b\u00e1c s\u0129, nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean ph\u00f2ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m v\u00e0 b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn h\u00f3a \u0111\u01a1n. H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o m\u1ed7i ph\u00f2ng ban c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 truy c\u1eadp th\u00f4ng tin c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft trong khi duy tr\u00ec t\u00ednh b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt v\u00e0 ri\u00eang t\u01b0 c\u1ee7a th\u00f4ng tin b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n. B\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng h\u1ed3 s\u01a1 s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed. Nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c n\u00e0y bao g\u1ed3m \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c v\u00e0 t\u00ednh nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n c\u1ee7a d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n l\u1edbn, t\u00edch h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng b\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3, v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o an to\u00e0n v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt th\u00f4ng tin b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n. B\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1eb7t th\u1eddi h\u1ea1n s\u00e1u th\u00e1ng cho vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 tri\u1ec3n khai h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng h\u1ed3 s\u01a1 s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed. H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 linh ho\u1ea1t th\u00edch \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i trong ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai. (* \u1ea2nh ch\u1ee5p m\u00e0n h\u00ecnh giao di\u1ec7n v\u00ed d\u1ee5 ERD c\u1ee7a Visual Paradigm) H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn t\u1eebng b\u01b0\u1edbc x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3: \u0110\u1ecdc k\u1ef9 tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u00e0 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c danh t\u1eeb ho\u1eb7c c\u1ee5m danh t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng ho\u1eb7c kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m. Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p n\u00e0y, c\u00e1c danh t\u1eeb ho\u1eb7c c\u1ee5m danh t\u1eeb bao g\u1ed3m \u201cb\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n\u201d, \u201ch\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng h\u1ed3 s\u01a1 s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed\u201d, \u201cth\u00f4ng tin b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n\u201d, \u201ch\u1ed3 s\u01a1 y t\u1ebf\u201d v\u00e0 \u201ch\u00f3a \u0111\u01a1n\u201d. Xem x\u00e9t m\u1ed7i danh t\u1eeb ho\u1eb7c c\u1ee5m danh t\u1eeb nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng v\u00e0 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh xem n\u00f3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng ho\u1eb7c kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t trong mi\u1ec1n v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 hay kh\u00f4ng. Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p n\u00e0y, m\u1ed7i danh t\u1eeb ho\u1eb7c c\u1ee5m danh t\u1eeb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng ho\u1eb7c kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd. X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c thu\u1ed9c t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3. Thu\u1ed9c t\u00ednh l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m ho\u1eb7c t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 \u201cb\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n\u201d c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 c\u00e1c thu\u1ed9c t\u00ednh nh\u01b0 t\u00ean, \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u00e0 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc. Th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 \u201cth\u00f4ng tin b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n\u201d c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 c\u00e1c thu\u1ed9c t\u00ednh nh\u01b0 t\u00ean, ng\u00e0y sinh v\u00e0 th\u00f4ng tin li\u00ean h\u1ec7. Th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 \u201ch\u1ed3 s\u01a1 y t\u1ebf\u201d c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 c\u00e1c thu\u1ed9c t\u00ednh nh\u01b0 ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n, k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb v\u00e0 ti\u1ec1n s\u1eed thu\u1ed1c. X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3. M\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 l\u00e0 c\u00e1c k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i ho\u1eb7c li\u00ean k\u1ebft gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 \u201cth\u00f4ng tin b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n\u201d c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 v\u1edbi th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 \u201ch\u1ed3 s\u01a1 y t\u1ebf\u201d, v\u00ec h\u1ed3 s\u01a1 y t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c li\u00ean k\u1ebft v\u1edbi th\u00f4ng tin c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. Tinh ch\u1ec9nh c\u00e1c th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 v\u00e0 m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i t\u1eeb c\u00e1c chuy\u00ean gia l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c v\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u00ean li\u00ean quan, v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 ER t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch tu\u00e2n theo h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn t\u1eebng b\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y, b\u1ea1n n\u00ean c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 v\u00e0 m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 ER ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng h\u1ed3 s\u01a1 s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n. Ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 ER logic cho c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u Gi\u1ea3 s\u1eed r\u1eb1ng b\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n c\u1ea7n l\u01b0u tr\u1eef v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd th\u00f4ng tin nh\u00e2n kh\u1ea9u h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n, h\u1ed3 s\u01a1 y t\u1ebf, k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n, \u0111\u01a1n thu\u1ed1c v\u00e0 th\u00f4ng tin h\u00f3a \u0111\u01a1n, c\u00e1c th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 v\u00e0 m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 sau \u0111\u00e2y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n trong s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 ER logic: C\u00e1c th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3: B\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n:l\u01b0u tr\u1eef th\u00f4ng tin nh\u00e2n kh\u1ea9u h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n nh\u01b0 t\u00ean, ng\u00e0y sinh, gi\u1edbi t\u00ednh, th\u00f4ng tin li\u00ean h\u1ec7, v.v. H\u1ed3 s\u01a1 y t\u1ebf:l\u01b0u tr\u1eef h\u1ed3 s\u01a1 y t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng y khoa, d\u1ecb \u1ee9ng, ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n:l\u01b0u tr\u1eef k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u00e1c x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n cho b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n nh\u01b0 x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m m\u00e1u, X-quang, MRI, v.v. Thu\u1ed1c:l\u01b0u tr\u1eef th\u00f4ng tin v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i thu\u1ed1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u00ea \u0111\u01a1n cho b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n nh\u01b0 t\u00ean thu\u1ed1c, li\u1ec1u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, t\u1ea7n su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 th\u1eddi gian s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng. H\u00f3a \u0111\u01a1n:l\u01b0u tr\u1eef th\u00f4ng tin v\u1ec1 chi ph\u00ed c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3n thanh to\u00e1n do b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n ho\u1eb7c c\u00f4ng ty b\u1ea3o hi\u1ec3m th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n. Quan h\u1ec7: M\u1ed9t b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u h\u1ed3 s\u01a1 y t\u1ebf, k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1nTh\u00e0nh th\u1ea1o m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u00f3a ER: H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn t\u1eebng b\u01b0\u1edbc v\u1edbi c\u00e1c v\u00ed d\u1ee5 th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf (Ph\u1ea7n 3 trong 5)","og_url":"https:\/\/guides.visual-paradigm.com\/vn\/mastering-er-modeling-a-step-by-step-guide-with-real-world-examples-part-3-of-5\/","og_site_name":"Visual Paradigm Guides Vietnamese","article_published_time":"2026-02-05T17:21:50+00:00","og_image":[{"width":844,"height":456,"url":"https:\/\/guides.visual-paradigm.com\/vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/10\/2026\/02\/hospital-system-physical-erd.png","type":"image\/png"}],"twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"\u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ebft b\u1edfi":"vpadmin","\u01af\u1edbc t\u00ednh th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u1ecdc":"6 ph\u00fat"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/guides.visual-paradigm.com\/vn\/mastering-er-modeling-a-step-by-step-guide-with-real-world-examples-part-3-of-5\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/guides.visual-paradigm.com\/vn\/mastering-er-modeling-a-step-by-step-guide-with-real-world-examples-part-3-of-5\/"},"headline":"Th\u00e0nh th\u1ea1o m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u00f3a ER: H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn t\u1eebng b\u01b0\u1edbc v\u1edbi c\u00e1c v\u00ed d\u1ee5 th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf (Ph\u1ea7n 3 trong 5)","datePublished":"2026-02-05T17:21:50+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/guides.visual-paradigm.com\/vn\/mastering-er-modeling-a-step-by-step-guide-with-real-world-examples-part-3-of-5\/"},"wordCount":2416,"commentCount":0,"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/guides.visual-paradigm.com\/vn\/mastering-er-modeling-a-step-by-step-guide-with-real-world-examples-part-3-of-5\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/guides.visual-paradigm.com\/vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/10\/2026\/02\/hospital-system-physical-erd.png","articleSection":["Data Modeling \/ Database","Uncategorized"],"inLanguage":"vi","potentialAction":[{"@type":"CommentAction","name":"Comment","target":["https:\/\/guides.visual-paradigm.com\/vn\/mastering-er-modeling-a-step-by-step-guide-with-real-world-examples-part-3-of-5\/#respond"]}]},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/guides.visual-paradigm.com\/vn\/mastering-er-modeling-a-step-by-step-guide-with-real-world-examples-part-3-of-5\/","url":"https:\/\/guides.visual-paradigm.com\/vn\/mastering-er-modeling-a-step-by-step-guide-with-real-world-examples-part-3-of-5\/","name":"Th\u00e0nh th\u1ea1o m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u00f3a ER: H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn t\u1eebng b\u01b0\u1edbc v\u1edbi c\u00e1c v\u00ed d\u1ee5 th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf (Ph\u1ea7n 3 trong 5) - Visual Paradigm Guides Vietnamese","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/guides.visual-paradigm.com\/vn\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/guides.visual-paradigm.com\/vn\/mastering-er-modeling-a-step-by-step-guide-with-real-world-examples-part-3-of-5\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/guides.visual-paradigm.com\/vn\/mastering-er-modeling-a-step-by-step-guide-with-real-world-examples-part-3-of-5\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/guides.visual-paradigm.com\/vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/10\/2026\/02\/hospital-system-physical-erd.png","datePublished":"2026-02-05T17:21:50+00:00","author":{"@id":"https:\/\/guides.visual-paradigm.com\/vn\/#\/schema\/person\/292e97a06c90d6d605ddfd451bfdfe6f"},"breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/guides.visual-paradigm.com\/vn\/mastering-er-modeling-a-step-by-step-guide-with-real-world-examples-part-3-of-5\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"vi","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/guides.visual-paradigm.com\/vn\/mastering-er-modeling-a-step-by-step-guide-with-real-world-examples-part-3-of-5\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"vi","@id":"https:\/\/guides.visual-paradigm.com\/vn\/mastering-er-modeling-a-step-by-step-guide-with-real-world-examples-part-3-of-5\/#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/guides.visual-paradigm.com\/vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/10\/2026\/02\/hospital-system-physical-erd.png","contentUrl":"https:\/\/guides.visual-paradigm.com\/vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/10\/2026\/02\/hospital-system-physical-erd.png","width":844,"height":456},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/guides.visual-paradigm.com\/vn\/mastering-er-modeling-a-step-by-step-guide-with-real-world-examples-part-3-of-5\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/guides.visual-paradigm.com\/vn\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Uncategorized","item":"https:\/\/guides.visual-paradigm.com\/vn\/category\/uncategorized\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":3,"name":"Th\u00e0nh th\u1ea1o m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u00f3a ER: H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn t\u1eebng b\u01b0\u1edbc v\u1edbi c\u00e1c v\u00ed d\u1ee5 th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf (Ph\u1ea7n 3 trong 5)"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/guides.visual-paradigm.com\/vn\/#website","url":"https:\/\/guides.visual-paradigm.com\/vn\/","name":"Visual Paradigm Guides Vietnamese","description":"Smart guides for an AI-driven world","potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/guides.visual-paradigm.com\/vn\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"vi"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/guides.visual-paradigm.com\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6803","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/guides.visual-paradigm.com\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/guides.visual-paradigm.com\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/guides.visual-paradigm.com\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/guides.visual-paradigm.com\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=6803"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/guides.visual-paradigm.com\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6803\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/guides.visual-paradigm.com\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/6804"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/guides.visual-paradigm.com\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=6803"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/guides.visual-paradigm.com\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=6803"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/guides.visual-paradigm.com\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=6803"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}
B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch tu\u00e2n theo h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn t\u1eebng b\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y, b\u1ea1n n\u00ean c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 v\u00e0 m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 ER ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng h\u1ed3 s\u01a1 s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n
Ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 ER logic cho c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u<\/h2>\n
Gi\u1ea3 s\u1eed r\u1eb1ng b\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n c\u1ea7n l\u01b0u tr\u1eef v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd th\u00f4ng tin nh\u00e2n kh\u1ea9u h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n, h\u1ed3 s\u01a1 y t\u1ebf, k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n, \u0111\u01a1n thu\u1ed1c v\u00e0 th\u00f4ng tin h\u00f3a \u0111\u01a1n, c\u00e1c th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 v\u00e0 m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 sau \u0111\u00e2y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n trong s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 ER logic:<\/p>\n
C\u00e1c th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3:<\/strong><\/p>\n Quan h\u1ec7:<\/strong><\/p>\n L\u01b0u \u00fd r\u1eb1ng \u0111\u00e2y ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 ERD logic kh\u1ea3 thi, v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng h\u1ed3 s\u01a1 s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n.<\/p>\n \u0110\u1ec3 tinh ch\u1ec9nh s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 ERD logic th\u00e0nh s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 ERD v\u1eadt l\u00fd, ch\u00fang ta c\u1ea7n th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i tr\u00ean s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 ERD \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh c\u00e1ch d\u1eef li\u1ec7u s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u01b0u tr\u1eef th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf trong c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u. D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u1ea3 thi m\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n:<\/p>\n B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00eau r\u00f5 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 m\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n \u0111ang \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t khi v\u1eabn d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng gi\u1ea5y t\u1edd \u0111\u1ec3 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd th\u00f4ng tin b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n, h\u1ed3 s\u01a1 y t\u1ebf v\u00e0 thanh to\u00e1n. \u0110\u1ec3 n\u00e2ng cao hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c trong ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng, b\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n c\u00f3 \u00fd \u0111\u1ecbnh x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng h\u1ed3 s\u01a1 s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed (EHR).<\/p>\n B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft y\u1ebfu c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 ER ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng EHR c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n. N\u00f3 cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t m\u1eabu s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 ERD logic bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u01b0 B\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n, H\u1ed3 s\u01a1 y t\u1ebf, K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n, Thu\u1ed1c v\u00e0 Thanh to\u00e1n, c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c thu\u1ed9c t\u00ednh v\u00e0 m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang.<\/p>\n B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft c\u0169ng th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 tinh ch\u1ec9nh s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 ERD logic th\u00e0nh s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 ERD v\u1eadt l\u00fd, bao g\u1ed3m vi\u1ec7c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh kh\u00f3a ch\u00ednh, ki\u1ec3u d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1: H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng b\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n Hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i, b\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n \u0111ang d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng gi\u1ea5y t\u1edd \u0111\u1ec3 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd th\u00f4ng tin b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n, h\u1ed3 s\u01a1 y t\u1ebf v\u00e0 h\u00f3a \u0111\u01a1n. H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean gi\u1ea5y t\u1edd n\u00e0y c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf, bao g\u1ed3m kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n trong vi\u1ec7c truy c\u1eadp th\u00f4ng tin b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch k\u1ecbp th\u1eddi, nguy c\u01a1 m\u1ea5t d\u1eef li\u1ec7u ho\u1eb7c th\u1ea5t l\u1ea1c t\u0103ng cao, v\u00e0 sai s\u00f3t trong vi\u1ec7c l\u1eadp h\u00f3a \u0111\u01a1n v\u00e0 l\u01b0u tr\u1eef h\u1ed3 s\u01a1 y t\u1ebf. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0, b\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n \u0111\u00e3 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng h\u1ed3 s\u01a1 s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c trong ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng h\u1ed3 s\u01a1 s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed m\u1edbi c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng l\u01b0u tr\u1eef v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd th\u00f4ng tin nh\u00e2n kh\u1ea9u h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n, h\u1ed3 s\u01a1 y t\u1ebf, k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n, \u0111\u01a1n thu\u1ed1c v\u00e0 th\u00f4ng tin h\u00f3a \u0111\u01a1n. H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u0169ng c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u1ea1o b\u00e1o c\u00e1o v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch v\u1ec1 ch\u0103m s\u00f3c b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n, bao g\u1ed3m k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n. B\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u ph\u00f2ng ban c\u1ea7n truy c\u1eadp v\u00e0o h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng h\u1ed3 s\u01a1 s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed, bao g\u1ed3m nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean y t\u00e1, b\u00e1c s\u0129, nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean ph\u00f2ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m v\u00e0 b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn h\u00f3a \u0111\u01a1n. H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o m\u1ed7i ph\u00f2ng ban c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 truy c\u1eadp th\u00f4ng tin c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft trong khi duy tr\u00ec t\u00ednh b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt v\u00e0 ri\u00eang t\u01b0 c\u1ee7a th\u00f4ng tin b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n. B\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng h\u1ed3 s\u01a1 s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed. Nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c n\u00e0y bao g\u1ed3m \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c v\u00e0 t\u00ednh nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n c\u1ee7a d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n l\u1edbn, t\u00edch h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng b\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3, v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o an to\u00e0n v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt th\u00f4ng tin b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n. B\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1eb7t th\u1eddi h\u1ea1n s\u00e1u th\u00e1ng cho vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 tri\u1ec3n khai h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng h\u1ed3 s\u01a1 s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed. H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 linh ho\u1ea1t th\u00edch \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i trong ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai. (* \u1ea2nh ch\u1ee5p m\u00e0n h\u00ecnh giao di\u1ec7n v\u00ed d\u1ee5 ERD c\u1ee7a Visual Paradigm) H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn t\u1eebng b\u01b0\u1edbc x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3: \u0110\u1ecdc k\u1ef9 tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u00e0 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c danh t\u1eeb ho\u1eb7c c\u1ee5m danh t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng ho\u1eb7c kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m. Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p n\u00e0y, c\u00e1c danh t\u1eeb ho\u1eb7c c\u1ee5m danh t\u1eeb bao g\u1ed3m \u201cb\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n\u201d, \u201ch\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng h\u1ed3 s\u01a1 s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed\u201d, \u201cth\u00f4ng tin b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n\u201d, \u201ch\u1ed3 s\u01a1 y t\u1ebf\u201d v\u00e0 \u201ch\u00f3a \u0111\u01a1n\u201d. Xem x\u00e9t m\u1ed7i danh t\u1eeb ho\u1eb7c c\u1ee5m danh t\u1eeb nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng v\u00e0 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh xem n\u00f3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng ho\u1eb7c kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t trong mi\u1ec1n v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 hay kh\u00f4ng. Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p n\u00e0y, m\u1ed7i danh t\u1eeb ho\u1eb7c c\u1ee5m danh t\u1eeb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng ho\u1eb7c kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd. X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c thu\u1ed9c t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3. Thu\u1ed9c t\u00ednh l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m ho\u1eb7c t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 \u201cb\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n\u201d c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 c\u00e1c thu\u1ed9c t\u00ednh nh\u01b0 t\u00ean, \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u00e0 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc. Th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 \u201cth\u00f4ng tin b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n\u201d c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 c\u00e1c thu\u1ed9c t\u00ednh nh\u01b0 t\u00ean, ng\u00e0y sinh v\u00e0 th\u00f4ng tin li\u00ean h\u1ec7. Th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 \u201ch\u1ed3 s\u01a1 y t\u1ebf\u201d c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 c\u00e1c thu\u1ed9c t\u00ednh nh\u01b0 ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n, k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb v\u00e0 ti\u1ec1n s\u1eed thu\u1ed1c. X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3. M\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 l\u00e0 c\u00e1c k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i ho\u1eb7c li\u00ean k\u1ebft gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 \u201cth\u00f4ng tin b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n\u201d c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 v\u1edbi th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 \u201ch\u1ed3 s\u01a1 y t\u1ebf\u201d, v\u00ec h\u1ed3 s\u01a1 y t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c li\u00ean k\u1ebft v\u1edbi th\u00f4ng tin c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. Tinh ch\u1ec9nh c\u00e1c th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 v\u00e0 m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i t\u1eeb c\u00e1c chuy\u00ean gia l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c v\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u00ean li\u00ean quan, v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 ER t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch tu\u00e2n theo h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn t\u1eebng b\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y, b\u1ea1n n\u00ean c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 v\u00e0 m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 ER ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng h\u1ed3 s\u01a1 s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n. Ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 ER logic cho c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u Gi\u1ea3 s\u1eed r\u1eb1ng b\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n c\u1ea7n l\u01b0u tr\u1eef v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd th\u00f4ng tin nh\u00e2n kh\u1ea9u h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n, h\u1ed3 s\u01a1 y t\u1ebf, k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n, \u0111\u01a1n thu\u1ed1c v\u00e0 th\u00f4ng tin h\u00f3a \u0111\u01a1n, c\u00e1c th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 v\u00e0 m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 sau \u0111\u00e2y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n trong s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 ER logic: C\u00e1c th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3: B\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n:l\u01b0u tr\u1eef th\u00f4ng tin nh\u00e2n kh\u1ea9u h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n nh\u01b0 t\u00ean, ng\u00e0y sinh, gi\u1edbi t\u00ednh, th\u00f4ng tin li\u00ean h\u1ec7, v.v. H\u1ed3 s\u01a1 y t\u1ebf:l\u01b0u tr\u1eef h\u1ed3 s\u01a1 y t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng y khoa, d\u1ecb \u1ee9ng, ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n:l\u01b0u tr\u1eef k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u00e1c x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n cho b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n nh\u01b0 x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m m\u00e1u, X-quang, MRI, v.v. Thu\u1ed1c:l\u01b0u tr\u1eef th\u00f4ng tin v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i thu\u1ed1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u00ea \u0111\u01a1n cho b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n nh\u01b0 t\u00ean thu\u1ed1c, li\u1ec1u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, t\u1ea7n su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 th\u1eddi gian s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng. H\u00f3a \u0111\u01a1n:l\u01b0u tr\u1eef th\u00f4ng tin v\u1ec1 chi ph\u00ed c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3n thanh to\u00e1n do b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n ho\u1eb7c c\u00f4ng ty b\u1ea3o hi\u1ec3m th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n. Quan h\u1ec7: M\u1ed9t b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u h\u1ed3 s\u01a1 y t\u1ebf, k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1nTh\u00e0nh th\u1ea1o m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u00f3a ER: H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn t\u1eebng b\u01b0\u1edbc v\u1edbi c\u00e1c v\u00ed d\u1ee5 th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf (Ph\u1ea7n 3 trong 5)<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":6804,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_yoast_wpseo_title":"","_yoast_wpseo_metadesc":"","_eb_attr":"","neve_meta_sidebar":"","neve_meta_container":"","neve_meta_enable_content_width":"","neve_meta_content_width":0,"neve_meta_title_alignment":"","neve_meta_author_avatar":"","neve_post_elements_order":"","neve_meta_disable_header":"","neve_meta_disable_footer":"","neve_meta_disable_title":"","fifu_image_url":"","fifu_image_alt":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[17,1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-6803","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-data-modeling-database","category-uncategorized"],"yoast_head":"\n\n
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T\u1ea1o s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 ERD logic<\/h3>\n
<\/p>\nTinh ch\u1ec9nh s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 ERD logic th\u00e0nh s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 ERD v\u1eadt l\u00fd<\/h2>\n
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<<PK>><\/code> k\u00fd hi\u1ec7u.<\/li>\nT\u1ea1o s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 ERD v\u1eadt l\u00fd<\/h3>\n
<\/p>\nT\u00f3m t\u1eaft<\/h2>\n